<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scidial</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nauchnyi dialog</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-756X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2227-1295</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "Center for Scientific and Educational Projects" (CSEP)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24224/2227-1295-2021-2-436-452</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scidial-2450</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Английские финансисты середины XIV века: особенности и результаты деятельности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>English Financiers of the Middle of the XIV Century: Features and Results of Activity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5479-5561</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яблонская</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yablonskaya</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яблонская Ольга Васильевна, кандидат исторических наук, доцент, Арзамасский филиал </p><p>Арзамас</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Yablonskaya, PhD in History, Associate Professor, Arzamas Branch </p><p>Arzamas</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Oyablonskii@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н. И. Лобачевского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>436</fpage><lpage>452</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яблонская О.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яблонская О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yablonskaya O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/2450">https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/2450</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье через призму анализа деятельности известных представителей торговофинансового слоя Англии рассматриваются особенности экономического и политического развития страны второй трети XIV века. Представлены результаты исследования документальных, нарративных источников, а также современной научной литературы. Отмечается, что процесс накопления капитала английскими купцами ускорился в условиях Столетней войны. Указываются особенности развития торговли, кредита, таможенной службы. Анализируются отношения королевских финансистов с парламентом и широким торговым слоем. Рассматривается участие влиятельных купцов в финансировании военных кампаний, проводимых Эдуардом III в континентальной Европе. Особое внимание уделяется У. де ла Полю и Дж. Поутни, являвшимся лидерами купечества. Исследуются причины банкротства компаний откупщиков во второй половине 1340-х годов. Затрагиваются судебные процессы против У. де ла Поля, Дж. Поутни, У. Чиритона и Т. Суэнленда. Показано, что банкротства и аресты королевских ростовщиков были вызваны сложностью выполнения государственных задач. Сделан вывод, что экономические и политические успехи Англии были достигнуты во многом благодаря богатому купечеству.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the features of the country’s economic and political development in the second third of the XIV century through the prism of analyzing the activities of famous representatives of the commercial and financial stratum of England. The results of the study of documentary, narrative sources, as well as modern scientific literature are presented. It is noted that the process of capital accumulation by English merchants accelerated in the conditions of the Hundred Years War. The features of the development of trade, credit, customs service are indicated. The relationship of the royal financiers with the parliament and the broad commercial stratum is analyzed. The participation of influential merchants in the financing of military campaigns conducted by Edward III in continental Europe is considered. Particular attention is paid to W. de la Paul and J. Poutney, who were the leaders of the merchant class. The reasons for the bankruptcy of taxation companies in the second half of the 1340s are investigated. The lawsuits against W. de la Paul, J. Poutney, W. Chiriton and T. Swenland are touched upon. It is shown that the bankruptcies and arrests of royal usurers were caused by the complexity of the implementation of government tasks. It is concluded that the economic and political successes of England were achieved largely thanks to the wealthy merchants.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>У. де ла Поль</kwd><kwd>Англия</kwd><kwd>Эдуард III</kwd><kwd>Столетняя война</kwd><kwd>торговля</kwd><kwd>кредит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>W. de la Paul</kwd><kwd>England</kwd><kwd>Edward III</kwd><kwd>Hundred Years War</kwd><kwd>trade</kwd><kwd>credit</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пиренн А. Средневековые города и возрождение торговли / А. Пиренн. — Горький : Издание Горьковского педагогического института, 1941. — 129 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnes, F. R. (1918). The Taxation of Wool, 1327-1348. Finance and Trade under Edward III. Manchester : Manchester University Press. Available at: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp137-177 (accessed 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Репина Л. П. Сословие горожан и феодальное государство в Англии XIV века / Л. П. Репина. — Москва : Наука, 1979. — 222 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beaven, A. P. (1908). The Aldermen. The City of London, I. London: Eden Fisher &amp; Co. Available at: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/london-aldermen/hen3-1912.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яблонская О. В. Уильям де ла Поль : история падений и успеха «любимого купца» Эдуарда III / О. В. Яблонская // Изв. Сарат. ун-та. Нов. сер. Сер. История. Международные отношения. — 2020. — Т. 20, вып. 4. — С. 497—503. — DOI: 10.18500/1819-4907- 2020-20-4-497-503</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox Bourn, H. R. (1866). English Merchants: Memoirs in Illustration of the Progress of British Commerce, I. London: Richard Bentley.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яблонская О.В. Ричард Лайонс: взлет и падение английского королевского финансиста XIV века / О. В. Яблонская // Научный диалог. — 2019. — № 12. — С. 469—483. — DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2019-12-469-483.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frost, Ch. (1827). Notices Relative to the Early History of the Town and Port of Hull. London : J.B. Nichols.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnes F. R. The Taxation of Wool, 1327-1348 [Electronic resource] / F. R Barnes // Finance and Trade under Edward III / G. Unwin (ed.). — Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1918. — 360 p. — Access mode : https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp137-177 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fryde E. B. (1964). The Wool Accounts of William de la Pole a Study of Some Aspects of the English Wool Trade at the Start of the Hundred Years’ War. York: St. Anthony’ Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beaven A. P. The Aldermen. The City of London [Electronic resource] / A. P. Beaven. — London : Eden Fisher &amp; Co, 1908. — Vol. I — 454 p. — Access mode : https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/london-aldermen/hen3-1912 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fryde, E. B. (1988). William de la Pole. Merchant and King’s Banker. London and Ronceverte, W.Va.: Hambledon Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox Bourn H. R. English Merchants: Memoirs in Illustration of the Progress of British Commerce / H. R. Fox Bourn. — London : Richard Bentley, 1866. — Vol. I. — 428 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fryde, E. B. (1962). The Last Trials of Sir William de la Pole. The Economic History Review, 15/1: 17—30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2593287.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frost Ch. Notices Relative to the Early History of the Town and Port of Hull / Ch. Frost. — London : J.B. Nichols, 1827. —58 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greaves, D. (1918). Calais under Edward III. Finance and Trade under Edward III. Manchester : Manchester University Press. Available at: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp312-348 (accessed 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fryde E. B. The Wool Accounts of William de la Pole a Study of Some Aspects of the English Wool Trade at the Start of the Hundred Years’ War / E. B. Fryde . York: St. Anthony’ Press, 1964. — 31 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harvey, A. S. (1957). The De La Pole Family of Kingston upon Hull. Hull: East Yorkshire Local History Society.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fryde E. B. William de la Pole. Merchant and King’s Banker / E. B. Fryde. —London and Ronceverte, W.Va.: Hambledon Press, 1988. — 250 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Power, E. (1987). The Wool Trade in English Medieval History. Westport : ABC-CLIO, LLC.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fryde E. B. The Last Trials of Sir William de la Pole [Electronic resource] / E. B. Fryde // The Economic History Review. — 1962. — Vol. 15, No. 1. — P. 17—30. — DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2593287.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prestwich, M. (2005). Plantagenet England. 1225-1360. Oxford : Сlarendon Press, 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greaves D. Calais under Edward III [Electronic resource] / D. Greaves // Finance and Trade under Edward III / G. Unwin (ed.). — Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1918. — 360 p. — Access mode : https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp312-348 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russell, E. (1918). The Societies of the Bardi and the Peruzzi and Their Dealings with Edward III. Finance and Trade under Edward III. Manchester : Manchester University Press. Available at: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp93-135 (accessed 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harvey A. S. The De La Pole Family of Kingston upon Hull / A. S. Harvey. — Hull : East Yorkshire Local History Society, 1957. — 102 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sargent, F. (1918). The wine trade with Gascony. Finance and Trade under Edward III. Manchester: Manchester University Press. — Available at: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp256-311 (accessed 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Power E. The Wool Trade in English Medieval History / E. Power. — Westport : ABC-CLIO, LLC, 1987. — 128 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stow, J. (1908). A Survey of London. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Available at: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=60041 (accessed 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prestwich M. Plantagenet England. 1225-1360 / M. Prestwich. — Oxford : Сlarendon Press, 2005. — 638 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tillott, P. M. (1961). The Later Middle Ages: Communications, Markets and Merchants. A History of the County of York: the City of York. London : Longman and Co. Available at: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/city-of-york/pp97-106 (accessed 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russell E. The Societies of the Bardi and the Peruzzi and Their Dealings with Edward III [Electronic resource] / E. Russell // Finance and Trade under Edward III / G. Unwin (ed.). — Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1918. — 360 p. — Access mode : https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp93-135 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Unwin, G. (1918). Estate of Merchant. Finance and Trade under Edward III. Manchester: Manchester University Press. — Available at: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp205-221 (accessed 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sargent F. The wine trade with Gascony [Electronic resource] / F. Sargent // Finance and Trade under Edward III / G. Unwin (ed.). — Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1918. — 360 p. — Access mode : https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp256-311 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pirenn, А. (1941). Srednevekovie goroda i vozrozhdenie torgovli. Gorkii: Izdanie Gorkovskogo pedagogicheskogo instituta. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stow J. A Survey of London [Electronic resource] / J. Stow. — Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1908. — Access mode : http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=60041 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Repina, L. P. (1979). Soslovie gorojan i feodalnoe gosudarstvo v Anglii XIV veka. Moskva: Nauka. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tillott P. M. The Later Middle Ages: Communications, Markets and Merchants [Electronic resource] / P. M. Tillott // A History of the County of York: the City of York / P. M. Tillott (ed.). — London : Longman and Co, 1961. — 577 p. — Access mode : https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/city-of-york/pp97-106 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yablonskaya, O. V. (2020). Uilyam de la Pol: istoriya padenii i uspeha «lyubimogo kupca» Eduarda III. Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Ser. Istoriya. Mejdunarodnyye otnosheniya, 20(4): 497—503. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unwin G. Estate of Merchant [Electronic resource] / G. Unwin // Finance and Trade under Edward III / G. Unwin (ed.). — Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1918. — 360 p. — Access mode : https://www.british-history.ac.uk/manchester-uni/london-lay-subsidy/1332/pp205-221 (дата обращения: 23.06.2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yablonskaya, O. V. (2019). Richard Lyons: The Rise and Fall of the 14th Century English Royal Financier. In: Nauchnyi dialog, 12: 469—483. DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2019-12-469-483. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
