<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scidial</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nauchnyi dialog</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-756X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2227-1295</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "Center for Scientific and Educational Projects" (CSEP)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-2-463-481</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scidial-3690</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Создание и развитие Нинся-Хуэйского автономного района Китайской Народной Республики (1949—1979)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Establishment and Development of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of People’s Republic of China (1949—1979)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-6204</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеров</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестеров Александр Геннадьевич - доктор исторических наук, заведующий кафедрой зарубежного регионоведения.</p><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr G. Nesterov - Doctor of History, Head of Department of Foreign Region Studies.</p><p>Yekaterinburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Alexander.Nesterov@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0417-0352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ханина</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khanina</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ханина Екатерина Евгеньевна - ассистент кафедры зарубежного регионоведения.</p><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina E. Khanina - Assistant of Department of Foreign Region Studies.</p><p>Yekaterinburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">4sorokdva2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>463</fpage><lpage>481</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нестеров А.Г., Ханина Е.Е., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нестеров А.Г., Ханина Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nesterov A.G., Khanina E.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/3690">https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/3690</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена одному из автономных районов Китайской Народной Республики — Нинся-Хуэйскому автономному району (НХАР). Рассмотрены исторические события, связанные с территорией современного НХАР, особенности развития ислама на территории Китая и формирования этнической группы хуэй. Выявлено, что создание НХАР было обусловлено идеологическими концепциями национального развития, заложенными в Конституцию КНР 1954 года. На основании документов, опубликованных в Китае на китайском языке, доказано, что создание НХАР сыграло существенную роль для этнического развития народа хуэй. Выявлено, что политические изменения, происходившие в КНР в 1958—1976 годах и связанные с политикой «Трех красных знамен» и «Великой пролетарской культурной революции», нанесли существенный ущерб как для экономики НХАР, так и для этнической стабильности в рассматриваемом регионе Китая. Реализация политических кампаний данного периода привела даже к столкновениям на конфессионально-этнической почве, потребовавшим использования вооруженной силы для их подавления. В итоге исследования было выявлено, что ситуация в НХАР стала стабилизироваться и изменяться только после смерти Мао Цзэдуна и начала реформ Дэн Сяопина в 1979 году.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to one of the autonomous regions of the People’s Republic of China — the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR). The historical events associated with the territory of modern NHAR, the features of the development of Islam in China and the formation of the Hui ethnic group is showed in the article. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the creation of the NHAR was due to the ideological concepts of national development laid down in the 1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China. Based on documents published in China in Chinese, it is proved that the creation of the NHAR played a significant role in the ethnic development of the Hui people. It was revealed that the political changes that took place in the PRC in 1958-1976 and associated with the policy of the “Three Red Banners” and the “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” caused significant damage both to the economy of the NHAR and to ethnic stability in the considered region of China. The implementation of political campaigns of this period even led to clashes on confessional and ethnic grounds, which required the use of armed force to suppress them. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the situation in the NHAR began to stabilize and change only after the death of Mao Zedong and the beginning of Deng Xiaoping's reforms in 1979.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Нинся</kwd><kwd>Нинся-Хуэйский автономный район</kwd><kwd>хуэй</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>история Китая</kwd><kwd>национальная политика в Китае</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ningxia</kwd><kwd>Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region</kwd><kwd>Hui</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>history of China</kwd><kwd>national politics in China</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прекрасные перспективы и практические действия по совместному созданию Экономического пояса Шелкового пути и Морского Шелкового пути XXI века. — Пекин : Издательство литературы на иностранных языках, 2015. — 44 с. — ISBN 978-7-119-09359-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, 1954. Available at: http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/wxzl/2000-12/06/content_4365.htm (accessed 17.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">关于成立宁夏回族自治区的议案 // 全国人民代表大会. 中国人大网. (Guanyu chengli Ningxia huizu zizhiqu de yian // Quan guo renmin daibiao dahui. Zhongguo renda-wang ; Предложение о создании Нинся-Хуэйского автономного района [Электронный ресурс] // Всекитайское собрание народных представителей, Народный конгресс Китая). — Режим доступа : http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/gongbao/2000-12/12/content_5000360.htm (дата обращения 2.11.2021)).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Excellent prospects and practical actions for the joint creation of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Maritime Silk Road of the XXI century. (2015). Beijing: Publishing House of Literature in Foreign Languages. 44 p. ISBN 978-7-119-09359-8. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">光明日报. — 1978年. 1月. 3日 (Guangming ribao. 1978. 1. 3) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/237600/3834736993/ (accessed 3.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guangming ribao, 1: 3. (1978). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/237600/3834736993/ (accessed 3.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">广西日报. — 1973年. 3月. 25日 (Guangxi ribao. 1973. 3. 25) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : http://www.gxdfz.org.cn/flbg/baiguizl/201701/t20170115_36595.html (accessed 4.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guangxi ribao, 3: 25. (1973). Available at: http://www.gxdfz.org.cn/flbg/baiguizl/201701/t20170115_36595.html (accessed 4.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">民族团结. — 1958, 第1期 （Minzu tuanjie, 1958, № 1） [Electronic resource]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/364788/3021403263/ (accessed 6.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">History of the Communist Party of China in Ningxia, September 1949 — December 1978. (2008). Yinchuan: Ningxia People’s Publishing House. 419 p. ISBN 978-7-227-03927-3. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">民族团结. — 1960, 第7 期 （Minzu tuanjie, 1960, № 7） [Electronic resource]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/1959/2606035026/ (accessed 6.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minzu tuanjie, 1. (1958). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/364788/3021403263/ (accessed 6.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">宁夏日报. — 1958年. 10月. 24日 (Ningxia ribao. 1958. 10. 24) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/27727/268394803/ (accessed 7.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minzu tuanjie, 7. (1960). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/1959/2606035026/ (accessed 6.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">人民日报. — 1971. 7月. 26日. (Renmin ribao. 1971. 7. 26) [Electronic resource]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/318909/1744360732/ (accessed 9.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ningxia ribao, 10: 24. (1958). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/27727/268394803/ (accessed 7.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">人民日报. — 1972年. 6月. 27日 (Renmin ribao. 1972. 6. 27) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/88219/906109857/ (accessed 9.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proposal for the creation of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. National People’s Congress, People’s Congress of China. Available at: http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/gongbao/2000-12/12/content_5000360.htm (accessed 2.11.2021)). (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">人民日报. — 1973年. 7月23日(Renmin ribao. 1973. 7. 23) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/10911/3776029983/ (accessed 11.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renmin ribao, 7: 26. (1971). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/318909/1744360732/ (accessed 9.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">人民日报. — 1978年. 2月. 10日 (Renmin ribao. 1978. 2. 10) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/318909/1790207794/ (accessed 11.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renmin ribao, 6: 27. (1972). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/88219/906109857/ (accessed 9.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">人民日报. — 1978年. 6月. 25日 (Renmin ribao. 1978. 6. 25) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/468650/3000160024/ (accessed 13.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renmin ribao, 7: 23. (1973). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/10911/3776029983/ (accessed 11.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">人民日报. — 1978 年. 11 月. 5日 (Renmin ribao. 1978. 11. 5) [Electronic re-source]. — Access mode : https://book.kongfz.com/273171/1325566629/ (accessed 15.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renmin ribao, 2: 10. (1978). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/318909/1790207794/ (accessed 11.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">人民代表大会制度重要文献选编. 广州: 中国民主法制出版社, 2015，第一册. — 700页. (Renmin daibiao dahui zhidu zhongyao wenxian xuan bian. Guang-zhou: Zhongguo minzhu fazhi chubanshe, 2015， di 1 ce. — 700 ye. ; Избранные важнейшие документы Народного конгресса Китая. — Гуанчжоу : Китайское политическое и правовое издательство, 2015. — Том 1. — 700 с.). — ISBN 978-7-516-20820-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renmin ribao, 6: 25. (1978). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/468650/3000160024/ (accessed 13.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">中国共产党宁夏史（1949.9 — 1978.12）. 银川: 宁夏人民出版社, 2008 . — 419 页. (Zhongguo gongchandang Ningxia shi（1949.9 — 1978.12）. — Yinchuan : Ningxia renmin chubanshe, 2008. — 419 ye. ; История Коммунистической партии Китая в Нинся, сентябрь 1949 — декабрь 1978. — Иньчуань : Народное издательство Нинся, 2008. — 419 с.). — ISBN 978-7-227-03927-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renmin ribao, 11: 5. (1978). Available at: https://book.kongfz.com/273171/1325566629/ (accessed 15.11.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">宪法 1954 — 中华人民共和国宪法（1954年）. 第三章. 第三十八条 // 全国人民代表大会 (Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo xianfa, 1954 nian ; Конституция Китайской Народной Республики, 1954 года) [Electronic resource]. — Access mode : http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/wxzl/2000-12/06/content_4365.htm (accessed 17.11.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selected Documents of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, October 1949 — May 1966, 10. (2013). Beijing: People’s Publishing House. 446 p. ISBN 978-7-010-1209-5. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">中共中央文件选集 (1949 年 10 月 — 1966 年 5 月). 北京: 人民出版社, 2013, 第 10 册. — 446 页. (Zhonggong zhongyang wenjian xuanji, 1949 nian 10 yue — 1966 nian 5 yue. — Beijing : Renmin chubanshe, 2013, di 10 ce.) ; Избранные документы Центрального комитета Коммунистической партии Китая, октябрь 1949 — май 1966. — Пекин : Народное издательство, 2013. — Том 10. — 446 с.). — ISBN 978-7-010-12019-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selected most important documents of the People’s Congress of China, 1. (2015). Guangzhou: Chinese Political and Legal Publishing House. 700 p. ISBN 978-7-516-20820-5. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Великодержавная политика маоистов в национальных районах КНР / Отв. ред. М. И. Сладковский. — Москва : Политиздат, 1975. — 126 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ding, Hong. (2011). Islam in China. A look at the problem from the point of view of the Hui people. In: Islam in the multicultural world. Moscow: [b. i.]. 510—514. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Герасимов И. В. Формирование мусульманских общин в Китае и исламские святыни Иньчуани (Нинся-Хуэйский автономный район, КНР) / И. В. Герасимов, Г. А. Пан // Вестник Челябинского государственного университета. — 2020. — Выпуск 58. — № 9. Философские науки. — С. 37—45. — DOI: 10.47475/1994-2796-2020-10906.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dudin, P. N. (2014a). The Mongolian Alashan Republic as a political project of the 1940s. Vostok (Oriens), 2: 33—42. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дин Хун. Ислам в Китае. Взгляд на проблему с точки зрения народности хуэй / Дин Хун // Ислам в мультикультурном мире. — Москва : [б. и.], 2011. — С. 510—514.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dudin, P. N. (2014b). Prerequisites for the formation of statehood in the province of Ningxia. Bulletin of the Trans-Baikal State University, 6 (109): 67—72. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дудин П. Н. Монгольская Алашаньская республика как политический проект 1940-х гг. / П. Н. Дудин // Восток (Oriens). — 2014a. — № 2. — С. 33—42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Encyclopedia of Ningxia. (1998). Yinchuan: Ningxia People’s Publishing House. 1008 p. ISBN 978-7-227-01647-2. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дудин П. Н. Предпосылки становления государственности в провинции Нинся / П. Н. Дудин // Вестник Забайкальского государственного университета. — 2014б. — № 6 (109). — С. 67—72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feng, Junhua. (2006). The modern history of Ningxia. Yinchuan: People’s publishing house of Ningxia. 470 p. ISBN 978-7-227-03233-7. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Завьялова О. И. Китайские мусульмане хуэйцзу : язык и письменные традиции / О. И. Завьялова // Проблемы Дальнего Востока. — 2007. — № 3. — С. 153—160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerasimov, I. V., Pan, G. A. (2020). The formation of Muslim communities in China and the Islamic shrines of Yinchuan (Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China). Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University, 58 (9). Philosophical Sciences: 37—45. DOI: 10.47475/1994-2796-2020-10906. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарьин А. Б. Ислам в Китае. Религия и власть / А. Б. Захарьин // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 13. Востоковедение. — 2012. — № 4. — С. 38—47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leslie, D. D. The Integration of Religious Minorities in China: The Case of Chinese Muslims. The Fifty-ninth George Ernest Morrison Lecture in Ethnology 1998. Available at: http://islamicpopulation.com/asia/China/China_integration of religious minority.pdf (accessed 1.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Москалёв А. А. Гуанси-Чжуанский и Нинся-Хуэйский автономные районы КНР / А. А. Москалёв. — Москва : Наука, 1979. — 152 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moskalev, A. A. (1979). Guangxi-Zhuang and Ningxia-Hui Autonomous Regions of China. Moscow: Nauka. 152 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Москалёв А. А. Политика КНР в национально-языковом вопросе (1949—1978) / А. А. Москалев. — Москва : Наука, 1981. — 213 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moskalev, A. A. (1981). The policy of the People’s Republic of China in the national language issue (1949—1978). Moscow: Nauka. 213 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leslie D. D. The Integration of Religious Minorities in China : The Case of Chinese Muslims [Electronic resource] / D. D. Leslie // The Fifty-ninth George Ernest Morrison Lecture in Ethnology 1998. — Access mode : http://islamicpopulation.com/asia/China/China_integration of religious minority.pdf (accessed 1.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Review of modern Ningxia. (2004). Beijing: Publishing House “Modern China”. 712 p. ISBN 978-7-801-70334-7. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xin Meng. The Institutional Causes of China’s Great Famine, 1959—1961 [Electronic resource] / Xin Meng, Nancy Qian, Pierre Yared // Review of Economic Studies. — 2015. — № 82. — Рp. 1568—1611. — Access mode : https://www0.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/pyared/papers/famines.pdf (accessed 3.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sladkovsky, M. I. (ed.). (1975). The Great-power policy of the Maoists in the national regions of the People’s Republic of China. Moscow: Politizdat. 126 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">当代宁夏史通鉴. 北京 : 当代中国出版社, 2004. — 712页. (Dangdai Ningxia shi tongjian. — Beijing : Dangdai Zhongguo chubanshe, 2004. — 712 ye. ; Обозрение современной Нинся. — Пекин : Издательство «Современный Китай», 2004. — 712 с.). — ISBN 978-7-801-70334-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The History of Ningxia. (2017). Personal Library. Available at: http://www.360doc.com/content/17/0417/08/8527076_646203360.shtml (accessed 12/14/2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">冯炯华. 当代宁夏日史 / 冯炯华. 银川:宁夏人民出版社, 2006. — 470 页. (Feng Jionghua. Dangdai Ningxiari shi / Feng Jionghua. Yinchuan: Ningxia renmin chubanshe, 2006. — 470 ye. ; Фэн Цзюнхуа. Современная история Нинся. — Иньчуань : Народное издательство Нинся, 2006. — 470 с.). — ISBN 978-7-227-03233-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xin, Meng., Nancy, Qian., Pierre, Yared. (2015). The Institutional Causes of China’s Great Famine, 1959—1961. Review of Economic Studies, 82: 1568—1611. Available at: https://www0.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/pyared/papers/famines.pdf (accessed 3.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">宁夏百科全书. 银川 : 宁夏人民出版社, 1998. — 1008 页. — (Ningxia baikequan shu. Yinchuan : Ningxia renmin chubanshe, 1998. — 1008 ye ; Энциклопедия Нинся. — Иньчуань : Народное издательство Нинся, 1998. — 1008 с.). — ISBN 978-7-227-01647-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharin, A. B. (2012). Islam in China. Religion and power. Bulletin of the Moscow Universi-ty. Episode 13. Oriental studies, 4: 38—47. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">宁夏历史沿革 // 个人图书馆. (Ningxia lishi yange // Geren tushu guan ; История Нинся [Электронный ресурс] // Личная библиотека) 2017. — Режим доступа : http://www.360doc.com/content/17/0417/08/8527076_646203360.shtml (дата обращения 14.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zavyalova, O. I. (2007). Chinese Muslims huizu: language and written traditions. Problems of the Far East, 3: 153—160. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">周靖程. 民国时期宁夏政治史研究. 专门史. 北京, 2010. — 120 页. (Zhou Jing-cheng. Minguo shiqi Ningxia zhengzhishi yanjiu. — Beijing : Zhuanmen shi, 2010. — 120 ye ; Чжоу Цзинчэн. История Нинся в период Китайской Республики [Электронный ресурс]. — Пекин : Специализированная история, 2010. — 120 с.). — Режим доступа : https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CDFD&amp;dbname=CDFD0911&amp;filename=2010261386.nh&amp;uniplatform=NZKPT&amp;v=ivgeBzVBRit3xgtJExLev370VG42ir4LRv72c0aap%25mmd2Bi%25mmd2BPcZxf254dbFBj5wUsuGc (дата обращения 17.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng, Yanqing. (2018). The Glorious Practice of Regional Ethnic Autonomy: the History of development, brilliant achievements and historical experience of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Studies on the Modern History of China, 5: 33—41. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&amp;dbname=CJFDLAST2018&amp;filename=DZSY201805003&amp;uniplatform=NZKPT&amp;v=4IrvkenNcdahzT2s%25mmd2FsSZ%25mmd2F4YAsjuYaAluxp%25mmd2BA53s59eKXS5%25mmd2BtBmyYPNit1WmucXrD (accessed 12/24/2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">郑彦卿. 民族区域自治的光辉实践 — 宁夏回族自治区的发展历程、辉煌成就和历史经验 / 郑彦卿 // 当代中国史研究. (Zheng Yanqing. Minzu quyu zizhi de guanghui Shijian — Ningxia huizu zizhiqu de fazhan licheng 、 hui huangcheng jiuhe lishi jingyan / Zheng Yanqing // Dangdii Zhongguoshi yanjiu. — 2018. — № 5. — 33—41 ye). — 2018. — № 5. — 33—41 页 ; Чжэн Яньцин. Славная практика региональной этнической автономии : история развития, блестящие достижения и исторический опыт Нинся-Хуэйского автономного района [Электронный ресурс] / Чжэн Яньцин // Исследования по современной истории Китая. — 2018. — № 5. — С. 33—41. — Режим доступа : https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&amp;dbname=CJFDLAST2018&amp;filename=DZSY201805003&amp;uniplatform=NZKPT&amp;v=4IrvkenNcdahzT2s%25mmd2FsSZ%25mmd2F4YAsjuYaAluxp%25mmd2BA53s59eKXS5%25mmd2BtBmyYPNit1WmucXrD (дата обращения 24.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou, Jingcheng. (2010). The history of Ningxia in the period of the Republic of China. Beijing: Specialized History. 120 p. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CDFD&amp;dbname=CDFD0911&amp;filename=2010261386.nh&amp;uniplatform=NZKPT&amp;v=ivgeBzVBRit3xgtJExLev370VG42ir4LRv72c0aap%25mmd2Bi%25mmd2BPcZxf254dbFBj5wUsuGc (accessed 17.12.2021). (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
