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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scidial</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nauchnyi dialog</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-756X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2227-1295</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "Center for Scientific and Educational Projects" (CSEP)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24224/2227-1295-2017-5-152-162</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scidial-376</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>10.01.00 ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERARY STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие категории авторства: от Шекспира до романтизма</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Category of Authorship Development: from Shakespeare to Romanticism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пешков</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peshkov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ivpeshkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Издательский центр «Вентана-Граф»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Ventana-Graf” Publishing Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>152</fpage><lpage>162</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пешков И.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пешков И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Peshkov I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/376">https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/376</self-uri><abstract><p>Предмет исследования - скрытое в длительной работе культурных механизмов зарождение и развитие категории авторства. Показано, что эта категория в золотом веке английской литературы поначалу постепенно вычленялась из триады драматург - актеры - зрители при параллельном развитии диады писатель - читатели . По мнению автора статьи, эта диада начала укрепляться с появлением книгопечатания, которое совместно с театром обусловило формирование массовой читательской аудитории. Излагается концепция, согласно которой процесс формирования категории авторства можно наблюдать на примере У. Шекспира, автора-гения. Высказывается мнение о том, что о первой ступени утверждения категории «автор» можно говорить в связи с выходом в свет Первого фолио в 1623 году. При этом подчеркивается, что окончательное преображение У. Шекспира в автора-творца произошло лишь к концу XVIII века - началу XIX века, когда английские и немецкие романтики обратились к понятию гения, разработанному И. Кантом. Утверждается, что романтики интуитивно оценили кантовскую творческую свободу воображения как отличительную черту шекспировского творчества, и пришли к умозаключению, что способность вообразить и выстроить новый мир предполагает субъекта этой способности в качестве главного творческого компонента. Обзор работ XVIII века показал, что английские филологи также внесли свой вклад в развитие категории авторства. Так, одним из первых четкое различие между подражателями и оригинальными авторами провел Э. Юнг. Доказывается, что идея оригинальности развилась в романтизме в представление о поэте как пророке, оригинально-гениальном до такой степени, что свое время не способно еще его признать, а следовательно, полностью его оценят лишь будущие поколения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the research is hidden in the long work of cultural mechanisms origin and development of category of authorship. It is shown that this category gradually singled out from a triad playwright - actors - audience in the Golden age of English literature with the parallel development of dyad writer - readers . According to the author, this dyad began to strengthen with the advent of book printing, which, together with the theatre, led to the formation of a mass readership. The concept is provided, according to which the process of the category of authorship formation can be seen in W. Shakespeare, the genius author. It is suggested that one can speak about the first stage of approval of the “author” category in connection with the publication of the First folio in 1623. It is emphasized that the final transfiguration of W. Shakespeare in the author-creator was only by the end of the 18th century - early 19th century, when the English and German romantics turned to the concept of genius developed by I. Kant. It is argued that romanticism intuitively appreciated Kant’s creative imagination as a distinctive feature of Shakespeare’s works, and it came to the conclusion that the ability to imagine and to build a new world considers the subject of this ability as the chief creative component. Review of works of the 18th century showed that English philologists have also contributed to the development of the category of authorship. So, E. Young was one of the first who clearly distinguished between imitators and the original authors. It is proved that the idea of originality developed in the romanticism to the idea of the poet as prophet, original and genius to such an extent that his time is not able to recognize him, and therefore, he will be completely appreciated only by future generations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>категория авторства</kwd><kwd>драматург</kwd><kwd>писатель</kwd><kwd>автор</kwd><kwd>Первое фолио</kwd><kwd>Шекспир</kwd><kwd>И. 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