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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scidial</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nauchnyi dialog</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-756X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2227-1295</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "Center for Scientific and Educational Projects" (CSEP)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24224/2227-1295-2025-14-7-446-462</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scidial-6570</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Социально-экономические изменения в Шотландии XVIII века в оценках священников (по материалам графства Инвернессшир)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Socio-Economic Changes in Eighteenth-Century Scotland as Perceived by Clergy: Evidence from Invernessshire</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9836-9241</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухин Максим Андреевич - кандидат исторических наук, преподаватель кафедры зарубежной истории и международных отношений</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim A. Mukhin - PhD in History, Lecturer at the Department of Foreign History and International Relations </p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmuhin@sfedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>446</fpage><lpage>462</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мухин М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мухин М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mukhin M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/6570">https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/6570</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено исследование восприятия священниками социально-экономических изменений в графстве Инвернессшир (Шотландия) в конце XVIII века. Источником выступило «Статистическое обозрение Шотландии». Рассматривается то, как местное духовенство интерпретировало трансформацию региона (к примеру, огораживание, развитие промышленности, демографические изменения). Автор утверждает, что священники, находясь под влиянием идеи прогресса, идеализировали рациональное преобразование общества: в излагаемом местным духовенством нарративе минимизировалась травматичность социально-социальных изменений. Сообщается, что отдельные факты, свидетельствующие о трудностях и неудачах модернизации в графстве Инвернессшир, все же упоминались, но существенно чаще священники акцентировали внимание на успешных примерах совершенствования региона; предлагали идеи по изменению графства, соответствующие «духу» идеи «улучшения»; приветствовали изменения в жителях округа, отдаляющие их от традиций прежних веков. Автор приходит к выводу о необходимости критического подхода к материалам «Статистического обозрения Шотландии» при использовании их в качестве источника. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study examines the perceptions of clergy regarding socio-economic changes in Invernessshire, Scotland, during the late eighteenth century. Utilizing the “Statistical Account of Scotland” as a primary source, the research explores how local ministers interpreted the transformation of the region, including enclosure movements, industrial development, and demographic shifts. The author argues that clergy, influenced by the idea of progress, tended to idealize the rational restructuring of society: in their narratives, the traumatic aspects of social change were downplayed. While certain instances highlighting the challenges and failures of modernization in Invernessshire were acknowledged, clergy more frequently emphasized successful examples of regional improvement. They proposed ideas for transforming the county that aligned with the “spirit” of the improvement movement and welcomed changes among local inhabitants that distanced them from the traditions of previous centuries. The author concludes that a critical approach is necessary when utilizing the “Statistical Account of Scotland” as a source.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Шотландия</kwd><kwd>графство Инвернессшир</kwd><kwd>Статистическое обозрение Шотландии</kwd><kwd>социально-экономические изменения</kwd><kwd>приходские священники</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Scotland</kwd><kwd>Invernessshire</kwd><kwd>Statistical Account of Scotland</kwd><kwd>socio-economic changes</kwd><kwd>parish clergy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Апрыщенко В. Ю. Шотландия в новое время : в поисках идентичностей / В. Ю. 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