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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scidial</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nauchnyi dialog</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-756X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2227-1295</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Limited Liability Company "Center for Scientific and Educational Projects" (CSEP)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24224/2227-1295-2025-14-9-86-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scidial-6690</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LINGUISTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>MEXIQUEÑO, DEFEÑO, CHILANGO: закрепление меняющихся мексиканских реалий в испанской лексикографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MEXIQUEÑO, DEFEÑO, CHILANGO: Consolidation of Evolving Mexican Realities in Spanish Lexicography</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-5406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Евгения Андреевна - кандидат филологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры подготовки преподавателей редких языков.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya A. Popova - PhD in Philology, Associate Professor, Departament of Rare Languages Training.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o-genia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный лингвистический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Linguistic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/6690">https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/view/6690</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена исследованию семантических сдвигов и коннотаций денонимов, обозначающих жителей мексиканской столицы, а также их фиксации в испанской лексикографии. Рассматриваются вопросы влияния экстралингвистических факторов на эволюцию их значений. Цель работы — выявить особенности развития семантики и культурных коннотаций денонимов mexiqueño, defeño, chilango и capitalino, а также принципы их отражения в авторитетных словарях и корпусах испанского языка, для чего проводится этимологический, лингвокультурологический и прагмасемантический анализ языковых единиц. Статья представляется актуальной для лингвистики, лексикографии и межкультурных исследований, поскольку раскрывает механизмы взаимодействия языка, общества и институциональных норм, а изучение эволюции денонимов отражает процессы адаптации языка к социально-политическим реалиям. Новизна исследования видится в комплексном сопоставительном изучении динамики всех ключевых номенов жителей Мехико с учетом их прагмасемантики и лексикографической фиксации. Особое внимание уделяется выявлению противоречий между искусственным нормированием и естественным языковым развитием, что поднимает вопрос о роли академических институтов в языковой политике. Делается вывод о том, что изменения в словарях часто отстают от реального употребления, а народная языковая практика играет ключевую роль в закреплении значений. К перспективам исследования относится возможность применения указанного подхода в качестве модели для изучения аналогичных явлений в других языках.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article explores the semantic shifts and connotations of denotative terms referring to the residents of Mexico City, as well as their documentation in Spanish lexicography. It examines the influence of extralinguistic factors on the evolution of these meanings. The objective of this study is to identify the characteristics of the semantic development and cultural connotations of the denotative terms mexiqueño, defeño, chilango, and capitalino, along with the principles governing their representation in authoritative Spanish dictionaries and corpora. To achieve this, an etymological, linguistic-cultural, and pragma-semantic analysis of these linguistic units is conducted. The relevance of this article lies in its contributions to linguistics, lexicography, and intercultural studies, as it reveals the mechanisms of interaction between language, society, and institutional norms. Furthermore, the study of the evolution of these denotative terms reflects the processes of language adaptation to socio-political realities. The novelty of this research is evident in its comprehensive comparative analysis of the dynamics of all key nomenclatures for Mexico City residents, taking into account their pragma-semantics and lexicographic documentation. Special attention is given to the contradictions between artificial normativity and natural language development, raising questions about the role of academic institutions in language policy. The findings suggest that changes in dictionaries often lag behind actual usage, highlighting the crucial role of grassroots language practices in solidifying meanings. Future research prospects include the potential application of this approach as a model for studying similar phenomena in other languages.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>испанский язык Мексики</kwd><kwd>языковая единица</kwd><kwd>деноним</kwd><kwd>словарь</kwd><kwd>слово-призрак</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mexican Spanish</kwd><kwd>linguistic unit</kwd><kwd>denotation</kwd><kwd>dictionary</kwd><kwd>ghost word</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asaltantes colombianos. Seducen a víctimas [Electronic resource] // El Universal. 07.09.2016. — Access mode : https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/metropoli/cdmx/2016/09/7/asaltantes-colombianos-seducen-victimas (accessed 16.08.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asaltantes colombianos. Seducen a víctimas. (2016). El Universal. 07.09. 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