This article presents the development of an integrated cognitive model for translating metaphorical units. It addresses the issue of the cognitive essence of the translation process involving metaphors and phraseological units known as chengyu, collectively referred to as “metaphorical units.” The author proposes a novel cognitive framework that captures key mechanisms involved in analyzing static linguistic structures and dynamic linguocognitive processes during pretranslation stages (reconstruction of meaning) and identifying the most appropriate translation strategy during actual translation phases (reconceptualization). Emphasis is placed on how the choice of translation strategies relies on the concept of cognitive translation, which involves scenario-based approaches grounded in assessing conceptual shifts followed by selecting either universal or culture-specific strategies. Materials analyzed were drawn from Chinese literary sources (e.g., Lianke's novel “Dreams of Dingzhuang Village”) and political discourse (chengyus extracted from news articles between 2023-2025). Original texts along with their translations into Russian served as primary data sources. Ultimately, it was concluded that the proposed model demonstrates its efficacy across both literary and political contexts, providing a clear algorithm for achieving cognitively pragmatic equivalence in translation practices.