Right-Wing Political Movements in Russia at Beginning of 20th Century: Relation to Armed Forces

The attitude of Russian right-wing parties and unions to the problems of combat readiness, recruitment, organization, training and education of the contingent of the armed forces of the Russian Empire is considered. Attention is paid to the place of the armed forces in the program settings of right-wing political movements, to the identification and interpretation by the Black Hundreds and nationalists of crisis phenomena in the army and navy, their attitude to the politicization of command staff. Particular attention is paid to the attitude of the right to the issues of modernization of the army and navy. New sources are being introduced into scientific circulation, allowing a more complete picture of the views of the right on the country’s armed forces. It is noted that the right saw in the armed forces not only a guarantor of the security, sovereignty and power of the empire, protection from external and internal enemies, but also the most important institution designed to preserve and transmit military traditions, which for the Black Hundreds and nationalists were inextricably linked with loyalty to Orthodoxy, autocracy and Russian people. It is shown that monarchism, conservatism, nationalism and anti-Semitism, characteristic of the right, are also reflected in their views on the armed forces.

1. Ivanov, A. A. (2013). The Right in the Russian parliament: from crisis to collapse (1914—1917). Moscow; St. Petersburg: Alliance-Archeo. 520 p. ISBN 978-5-98874-079-7. (In Russ.).

2. Ivanov, A. A. (2020). Fiery reactionary Vladimir Mitrofanovich Purishkevich. St. Petersburg: Vladimir Dal. 621 p. ISBN: 978-5-93615-217-7. (In Russ.).

3. Kiryanov, Yu. I. (2001). Right parties in Russia. 1911—1917. Moscow: ROSSPEN. 464 p. ISBN 5-8243-0244-8. (In Russ.).

4. Kotsyubinsky, D. A. (2001). Russian nationalism at the beginning of the twentieth century: The Birth and death of the ideology of the All-Russian National Union. Moscow: ROSSPEN. 525 p. ISBN 5-8243-0207-3. (In Russ.).

5. Razmolodin, M. L. (2020). Ideology of black-hundred organizations in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century. Ekaterinburg: Publishing solutions. 352 p. ISBN 978-5-0051-7008-8. (In Russ.).

6. Romanov, R. B. (2003). The faction of the right in the III State Duma (1907—1912). Author’s abstract of PhD Diss. Moscow. 543 p. (In Russ.).

7. Rylov, V. Yu. (2010). Patriotic and military-sports organizations in the socio-political life of Russia at the beginning of the XX century. Scientific Vedomosti. History series. Political science. Economy. Computer science, 7 (78) / 14: 150—158. (In Russ.).

8. Shatsillo, K. F. (1994). The last naval program of the tsarist government. Russian History, 2: 161—165. (In Russ.).

9. Stepanov, A. D. (2008). Druzhinin Konstantin Ivanovich. Black Hundred. Historical Encyclopedia 1900—1917. Moscow: Institute of Russian Civilization. P. 165. (In Russ.).