Deviant Behavior of Residents in Cities of Western Siberia at the Beginning of Twentieth Century

Abstract

The article is devoted to the questions of deviating from the norms of the community life behavior of residents of the Tobolsk province in the early twentieth century. The main types of deviations are considered - crimes, alcoholism, suicide. Unregulated behavior in the urban environment has been studied using statistics, archival sources, and regional press materials. The main source was the texts of the Reviews of the Tobolsk province for 1900-1914, compiled and published by the Tobolsk provincial statistical committee. The presented statistical material reflects the dynamics of deviations, allows us to identify their causes and consequences. The article provides an overview of the work of modern researchers dealing with the problem of deviant behavior, and also analyzes a number of types of deviant behavior of the residents of the Tobolsk province. It was revealed that, as a rule, the causes of deviations were the socio-economic and unsuitable living conditions of the population, crop failures and natural disasters, the presence of a large number of marginal elements in the region, the low level of socio-cultural needs of the population and alcohol abuse. The author concludes that the described deviations were often found in the urban environment and were widespread, but despite their rejection and censure by society, the measures taken to eliminate them were clearly not enough to eradicate them.