Ritual Clothing of the Sakha People: tangalai son (Historical Memory and Semantics)
https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-11-362-378
Abstract
The ancient ritual clothing of the Sakha tangalai son people in a broad historical retrospective through the prism of “remembering culture” (according to Ya. Assman), based on a wide range of folklore, linguistic and ethnographic materials, is examined in the article. For the first time, a detailed historiographic review of works devoted to the ritual clothing of the tangalai son was made. The main goal of this study was the reconstruction of archaic elements associated with the historical memory of the ritual. The interpretation of the semantics of the word is proposed. The analysis of the semiotic code of this garment is carried out. It has been established that in this ritual clothing, through a symbolic code, totemistic views associated with the archaic worldview of the people are clearly expressed. Semantic analysis of the name tangalai son showed that the Turkic-Mongol peoples had similar ideas associated with the bird cult and originating in ancient totemistic and shamanistic ideas. The image of a white bird / totem was revealed, which found expression in the symbolic design of the tangalai son, and the “fur code” was analyzed as an element of the ritual of the symbolic rebirth of the bride.
About the Author
N. K. Danilova
Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IHRISN SB RAS)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD in History, Senior Researcher
Yakutsk
References
1. Ammosova, E. E. (1989). Remesla predkov vchera i segodnya [Crafts of ancestors yesterday and today]. Yakutsk: Knizhnoye izdatelstvo. 48 p. (In Russ.).
2. Betlingk, O. B. (1990). O yazyke yakutov [About the Yakut language]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 646 p. (In Russ.).
3. Billings, I. (1978). O yakutakh: zhurnal, ili podennik, flotskogo kapitana [About the Yakuts: journal, or day-book, of the naval captain]. In: Etnograficheskiye materialy SeveroVostochnoy geograficheskoy ekspeditsii 1785—1795 gg [Ethnographic materials of the North-Eastern geographical expedition of 1785—1795]. Magadan: Knizhnoye izdatelstvo. 176 p. (In Russ.).
4. Danilova, N. K. (2013). Odezhda i ukrasheniya [Clothing and jewelry]. In: Yakuty [Yakuts]. Moskva: Nauka. 212—235. (In Russ.).
5. Drevnetyurkskiy slovar’ [Ancient Turkic dictionary]. (1969). Leningrad: Nauka. 676 p. (In Russ.).
6. Dugarov, D. S. (1983). Lebed’ v ornamente zhenskogo kostyuma tyurko-mongolskikh narodov [Swan in the ornament of womens costume of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples]. Sovetskaya etnografiya [Soviet Ethnography], 5: 104—113. (In Russ.).
7. Dyakonova, V. P. (2001). Altaytsy: (Materialy po etnografii telengitov Gornogo Altaya) [Altaians: (Materials on Ethnography of telengites of the Altai Mountains)]. GornoAltaysk: Yuch-Syumer. 223 p. (In Russ.). ISBN 5-92509-0005-7.
8. Ides, I., Brams, A. (1967). Zametki o russkom posolstve v Kitaye (1692—1695 gg.) [Notes on the Russian Embassy in China (1692—1695)]. Moskva: Nauka. 404 p. (In Russ.).
9. Gavrileva, R. S. (1998). Odezhda naroda sakha kontsa XVII — serediny XVIII veka [Clothing of the Sakha people of the late XVII — mid. XVIII century]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 144 p. (In Russ.).
10. Georgi, I. G. (1799). Opisaniye vsekh obitayushchikh v Rossiyskom gosudarstve narodov, ikh zhiteyskikh obryadov, obyknoveniy, odezhd, zhilishch, uprazhneniy, zabav, veroispovedaniy i drugikh dostopamyatnostey [Description of all peoples living in the Russian state, their everyday rituals, customs, clothes, dwellings, exercises, amusements, faiths and other memorabilia], II. Sankt-Peterburg. Imperial Academy of Sciences. 178 p. (In Russ.).
11. Gogolev, A. I. (2018). Proiskhozhdeniye naroda sakha i yego traditsionnoy kultury [Origin of the Sakha people and their traditional culture]. Yakutsk: Izdatelskiy dom. SVFU. 256 p. (In Russ.). ISBN 978-5-7513-2474-2.
12. Gotovtseva, L. M. (2016). Nominatsiya nazvaniy odezhdy, golovnykh uborov i ikh elementov v yakutskom yazyke [Nomination of names of clothing, hats and their elements in the Yakut language]. Filologicheskiye nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Philological Sciences. Questions of theory and practice], 6 (3): 83—86. (In Russ.).
13. Ivanov, S. A. (2017). Leksicheskiye osobennosti govorov yakutskogo yazyka [Lexical features of Yakut dialects]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 390 p. (In Russ.). ISBN 978-5-02-038692-1.
14. Khangalov, M. N. (1958). Sobraniye sochineniy [Collected works], 3 (1). Ulan-Ude: Buryatskoye knizhnoye izdatelstvo. 551 p. (In Russ.).
15. Khudyakov, I. A. (1969). Kratkoye opisaniye Verkhoyanskogo okruga [Brief description of the Verkhoyansk district]. Leningrad: Nauka. 439 p. (In Russ.).
16. Kulakovskiy, A. E. (1979). Nauchnyye trudy [Scientific works]. Yakutsk: Knizhnoye izdatelstvo. 483 p. (In Russ.).
17. Lindenau, Ya. I. (1983). Opisaniye narodov Sibiri (pervaya polovina XVIII veka): istorikoetnograficheskiye materialy o narodakh Sibiri i Severo-Vostoka [Description of the peoples of Siberia (the first half of the XVIII century): historical and ethnographic materials about the peoples of Siberia and the North-East]. Magadan: Knizhnoye izdatelstvo. 176 p. (In Russ.).
18. Maak, R. K. (1886—1887). Vilyuyskiy okrug Yakutskoy oblasti [Vilyuysky district of the Yakut region.], 3. Sankt-Peterburg: Tipografiya i khromolitografiya A. Transhelya. 213 p. (In Russ.).
19. Mikhaylov, T. M. (1980). Iz istorii buryatskogo shamanizma (s drevneyshikh vremen po XVIII v.) [From the history of Buryat shamanism (from ancient times to the XVIII century)]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 320 p. (In Russ.).
20. Mir drevnikh yakutov: opyt mezhdistsiplinarnykh issledovaniy (po materialam Sakha-frantsuzskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii) [The World of ancient Yakuts: the experience of interdisciplinary research (based on the materials of the Sakha-French archaeological expedition)]. (2012). Yakutsk: Izdatelskiy dom SVFU. 226 p. (In Russ.). ISBN 978-5-7513-1594-8.
21. Nosov, M. M. (1957). Evolyutsionnoye razvitiye yakutskoy odezhdy s kontsa XVII stoletiya do 1920-kh godov [Evolutionary development of Yakut clothing from the end of the XVII century to the 1920s]. In: Sbornik nauchnykh statey Yakutskogo respubliki. krayevedcheskogo muzeya [Collection of scientific articles of the Yakut Republic. regional museum], 2. Yakutsk: YaKM. 116—152. (In Russ.).
22. Okladnikov, A. P. (1955). Istoriya Yakutii [History of Yakutia], 1. Proshloye Yakutii do prisoedineniya k Russkomu gosudarstvu [The Past of Yakutia before joining the Russian state]. Yakutsk: Yakutgosizdat. 440 p. (In Russ.).
23. Pekarskiy, E. K. (1927). Slovar’ yakutskogo yazyka [Dictionary of the Yakut language], 10. Leningrad: Izdatelstvo AN SSSR. 26 p. (In Russ.).
24. Petrova, S. I. (2006). Svadebnyy naryad yakutov: traditsii i rekonstruktsiya [Wedding dress of the
25. Yakuts: traditions and reconstruction]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 104 p. (In Russ.). ISBN 5-02-031098-0.
26. Petrova, S. I., Zabolotskaya, Z. M. (2013). Narodnyy kostyum yakutov: istoriko-etnograficheskoye i iskusstvovedcheskoye issledovaniye [Folk costume of the Yakuts: historical, ethnographic and art history research]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 207 p. (In Russ.). ISBN 978-5-02-019062-7.
27. Potapov, I. A. (1979). Pervyye khudozhniki sovetskoy Yakutii [The First artists of Soviet Yakutia]. Yakutsk: Yakutskoye knizhnoye izdatelstvo. 135 p. (In Russ.).
28. Prokopeva, A. N., Yakovleva, K. M. (2016). Ukrasheniya epokhi pozdnego srednevekovya Yakutii (po materialam mogilnika At Dabaan) [Jewelry of the late middle ages of Yakutia (based on the materials of the At Dabaan burial ground)]. In: Drevniye kultury Mongolii, Baykalskoy Sibiri i Severnogo Kitaya. Materialy VII Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii [Ancient cultures of Mongolia, Baikal Siberia and Northern China. Proceedings of the VII International scientific conference]. Krasnoyarsk:
29. Sibirskiy federalnyy universitet. 186—191. (In Russ.).
30. Seroshevskiy, V. L. (1993). Yakuty: Opyt etnograficheskogo issledovaniya [Yakuts: Experience of ethnographic research]. Moskva: Assotsiatsiya «Rossiyskaya politicheskaya entsiklopediya». 736 p. (In Russ.).
31. Shchukin, N. S. (1854). Yakuty [Yakuts]. Zhurnal Ministerstva vnutrennikh del [Journal of the Ministry of internal Affairs], VII. Sankt-Peterburg: Tipografiya MVD. 47 p. (In Russ.).
32. Sleptsov, P. A. (2017). Nauchnyye trudy. Publikatsii [Scientific works. Publications]. Yakutsk: Izdatelskiy dom SVFU. 332 p. (In Russ.). ISBN 978-5-7513-2394-4.
33. Vasilyev, V. E. (1994). Kult bozhestv ayyy drevneariyskogo proiskhozhdeniya? [The Cult of the deities of Aiyy of ancient Aryan origin?]. In: Etnos: traditsii i sovremennost’: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Ethnos: traditions and modernity: collection of scientific papers]. Yakutsk: Izdatelstvo YaNTs SO RAN. 77— 85. (In Russ.).
34. Vasilyev, F. F. (1995). Voyennoye delo yakutov [Military Affairs of Yakts]. Yakutsk: Bichik. 220 p. (In Russ.).
35. Vasilyev, V. E. (2006). Sakha teryut itegele bylyrgy sehennerge [Sakha tarut of idagale bilingu seenega]. Dokuuskay: Bichik. 96 p. (In Yakut.). ISBN 5-7696-2480-9.
36. Zvereva, A. N. (2008). Olonkho. Etno-Art: narodnoye i dekorativno-prikladnoye iskusstvo: katalog [Olonkho. Ethno-Art: folk and decorative arts: catalog]. Yakutsk: CMYKMaster. 101 p. (In Russ.).
Review
For citations:
Danilova N.K. Ritual Clothing of the Sakha People: tangalai son (Historical Memory and Semantics). Nauchnyi dialog. 2020;1(11):362-378. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-11-362-378
Views:
639
Email this article 