Bishop Andrey (Ukhtomsky): Church Comprehension and Criticism of Ideology and Practice of Socialism
https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-8-323-340
Abstract
The question of the attitude of the famous church publicist Bishop Andrey (Ukhtomsky) to the theory and practice of socialism in Russia and the USSR is considered. For the first time, the views of the bishop on the similarities and differences between socialist ideology and the Orthodox faith, starting with the events of the First Russian Revolution and ending with the Soviet period, are reconstructed and analyzed. Particular attention is paid to Andrey (Ukhtomsky)’s criticism of socialism, professed by left political forces and attempts to oppose it with a different socialism, which the church publicist called Christian and ecclesiastical. The legitimacy of classifying the bishop as a supporter of Christian socialism is questioned and a view is proposed according to which Bishop Andrey’s opposition to political socialism was forced and was intended to deprive the socialists of the monopoly on knowledge about the just reorganization of society, as well as to conduct polemics with the adherents of socialism in a way they understand language. It is argued that changing political views and attitudes towards various forms of state power throughout his life, Andrey (Ukhtomsky) remained consistent in upholding his views, both on the nature of socialism and on the ways to overcome it.
Keywords
Andrey (Ukhtomsky),
Christianity,
Orthodox clergy,
socialism,
socialists,
Christian socialism,
Bolshevism,
Soviet power
Supporting agencies: The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project № 21-011-44084
About the Author
A. A. Ivanov
St. Petersburg State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrey A. Ivanov - Doctor of History, Professor, Department of Contemporary History of Russia, Institute of History.
Saint Petersburg.
References
1. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1906). Conscience, or just satiety? Kazan telegraph: newspaper. September 8. (In Russ).
2. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1906). Russian proletarians, unite! Kazan telegraph: newspaper. Ju-ly 16. (In Russ).
3. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1906). The duty of parish councils. Kazan telegraph: gazeta. May 21. (In Russ).
4. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1906). To the haracteristics of the Socialist gentlemen. Kazan Tele-graph: gazeta. March 12. (In Russ).
5. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1906). What is the strength of socialism. Kazan telegraph: gazeta. May 11. (In Russ).
6. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1914). Letters to the pastors of the Ufa Diocese. IX. The fulfillment of Slavophil predictions. Ufa Diocesan Vedomosti, 18: 321—332. (In Russ).
7. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1916). Letters to the pastors of the Ufa diocese. I. My troubles from my false brotherhood. Ufa diocesan Vedomosti, 1: 9—19. (In Russ).
8. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1917). A few words about socialism. Zavolzhsky chronicler, 21: 587—589. (In Russ).
9. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1917). An open letter to the Minister-chairman A. F. Kerensky. Ufa Diocesan Vedomosti, 15—16: 432—436. (In Russ).
10. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1917). Destroy the slogans of malice and internecine strife! Zavolzh-sky chronicler, 16: 444—446. (In Russ).
11. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1917). Responsible hour. Zavolzhsky chronicler, 7: 175—177. (In Russ).
12. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1917). The moral meaning of modern great events. Ufa Diocesan Vedomosti, 5—6: 138—141. (In Russ).
13. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (1917). Yakov Maksimov. Russian hut, 1: P. 4. (In Russ).
14. Andrey (Ukhtomsky). (2013). Proceedings: collection of creations. St. Petersburg: Its publish-ing house. 1279 p. ISBN 978-5-4386-0120-3. (In Russ).
15. Evlogiy (Georgievsky). (1994). The way of my life. Moscow: Moscow worker. 677 p. (In Russ).
16. Rozanov, V. V. (1994). Collected works. Fleeting. Moscow: Republic. 540 p. ISBN 5-250-01933-1. (In Russ).
17. Holy Martyr Andrey, Archbishop of Ufa. Articles of 1905—1918, documents and memoirs. (2019). Moscow: Bratonezh. 576 p. ISBN 978-5-8463-1102-2. (In Russ).
18. “I want to belong only to the Holy Church ...” Holy Martyr Andrew, Archbishop of Ufa. Works, addresses, sermons, letters, documents. (2012). Moscow: Bratonezh. 480 p. ISBN 978-5-7873-0711-5. (In Russ).
19. The author. Splashes of life. (1917). News on the Kazan diocese, 35: 573—578. (In Russ).
20. Alekseev, I. E. (2010). “I went to serve the spirit ...”. On the question of the worldview of Bishop Andrey of Sukhum (Prince of Ukhtomsky). Bygone years, 1 (15): 27—37. (In Russ).
21. Alekseev, I. E. (2010). The Humble rebel: on the question of the worldview of Archbishop Andrey (Prince of Ukhtomsky) (Continued). Bygone years, 3 (17): 19—30. (In Russ).
22. Alekseev, I. E. (2010). The Humble rebel: on the question of the worldview of Archbishop Andrey (Prince of Ukhtomsky) (Ending). Bygone years, 4 (18): 20—32. (In Russ).
23. Dekhtyar, G. G. (2019). The Life and worldview of the Archbishop Andrew (Ukhtomsky) during the revolutionary period. Issues of national and Federative relations, 4 (49): 417—424. (In Russ).
24. Ivanov, A. A., Ambartsumov, I. V. (2020). Apologia and criticism of Russian nationalism in the journalism of Bishop Andrey (Ukhtomsky). State, religion, Church in Russia and abroad, 3 (38): 255—283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2020-38-3-255-283. (In Russ).
25. Pavlova, O. S. (2018). Bishop Andrew (Ukhtomsky)’s Activity on Organization of Missionary Work in Sukhumi Eparchy in 1912—1913 (Based on “Employee of the Transcaucasian Mission” Journal Materials). Nauchnyy dialog, 7: 278—290. DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2018-7-278-290. (In Russ.).
26. Sokolov, A. V. (2014). The state and the Orthodox Church in Russia, February 1917 — January 1918. Doct. Diss. St. Petersburg. 810 p. (In Russ).
27. Zelenogorsky, M. L. (1991). The life and work of Archbishop Andrey. Moscow: Terra. 334 p. ISBN 5-85255-015-9. (In Russ).
28. Zelenogorsky, M. L. (2011). The life and works of Archbishop Andrey (Prince of Ukhtomsky). 2nd edition, add. Moscow — Jerusalem: Mosty Kultury. 446 p. ISBN 978-5-93273-288-1. (In Russ).
29. Zhuravsky, A. (2001). Andrew (Ukhtomsky Alexander Alekseevich). In: Orthodox encyclopedia, 2. Moscow: Orthodox Encyclopedia Church Research Center. 361—365. ISBN 5-89572-005-6. (In Russ).
30. Zimina, N. P. (2005). Bishop of Ufa Andrew (Ukhtomsky), the work of the Eastern Russian cultural and educational society in the city of Ufa (1916—1919 gg.). In: The Russian Association of researchers of religion. Available at: https://rusoir.ru/03print/03print-04/03print-04-19/ (accessed 30.05.2021). (In Russ).
Review
For citations:
Ivanov A.A. Bishop Andrey (Ukhtomsky): Church Comprehension and Criticism of Ideology and Practice of Socialism. Nauchnyi dialog. 2021;(8):323-340. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-8-323-340
Views:
516
Email this article 