Conditions for the Development of the State System of Primary Education in Eastern Siberia in the 19th - Early 20th Centuries

Abstract

Based on a wide range of sources, the author analyzed the state of primary education in Eastern Siberia during the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20^th century. The novelty of the study is in the use of a spatially-oriented model of a modernization approach to studying the history of the development of primary schools on the outskirts of the Russian Empire. The author focuses attention on the typology of elementary school. Information is provided on the number of students and the number of schools in Eastern Siberia. Based on the analysis of a wide range of historical sources, the dependence of the development of primary schools on social initiative and the degree of state support in the first half of the 19th century is substantiated. The conclusion is made about the decelerated pace of development of the education system in the region. It is determined that a number of provisions of the 1864 reform were not implemented in the conditions of development of the sparsely populated eastern outskirts of the empire. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of elementary school reforms in the late XIX - early XX centuries in Eastern Siberia. It was established that at the beginning of the twentieth century, the primary education system in Eastern Siberia experienced a period of intensive development. It is noted that this process was facilitated by capitalist modernization, enhanced state funding, and the increase in the value of education in the consciousness of the population.