Medical Assistance to Migrants on their Way to Siberia in 1906—1914
https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-11-315-334
Abstract
The issue of the activity of the system of medical and paramedic travel migrant station in Siberia during the Stolypin agrarian reform is considered in the article. The author has made a general review of the historiography of the issue, showing its insufficient study and controversial nature. The object of the research is medical assistance to peasants-migrants in 1906-1914. Legislative and regulatory sources on the sanitary legislation of Russia at the beginning of the XX century are analyzed. It is concluded that the system of measures developed by the state was designed to prevent the spread of epidemics by migrants to areas of agrarian colonization.
The reasons that impeded the effective operation of this system were identified. It is proved that, despite the existing shortcomings, during the period of the Stolypin resettlements, the state as a whole was able to cope with the provision of medical care to the migrants during their travelling. The author comes to the conclusion about the social nature of medical assistance to migrants. The relevance of the work is due to the need to use historical experience both in the field of state regulation of migration processes and in the provision of medical care in conditions of increased epidemiological danger. The importance of research on this topic is determined, firstly, by the growth in the dynamics of migration processes in the modern world; secondly, the relevance of using the historical experience of providing medical care to migrants in a pandemic.
The reasons that impeded the effective operation of this system were identified. It is proved that, despite the existing shortcomings, during the period of the Stolypin resettlements, the state as a whole was able to cope with the provision of medical care to the migrants during their travelling. The author comes to the conclusion about the social nature of medical assistance to migrants. The relevance of the work is due to the need to use historical experience both in the field of state regulation of migration processes and in the provision of medical care in conditions of increased epidemiological danger. The importance of research on this topic is determined, firstly, by the growth in the dynamics of migration processes in the modern world; secondly, the relevance of using the historical experience of providing medical care to migrants in a pandemic.
About the Author
D. N. Belyanin
T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of History, Professor, Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences
Kemerovo
References
1. Belyanin, D. N. (2019). Deyatelnost’ pereselencheskikh punktov i vrachebno-prodovolstvennaya pomoshch’ pereselentsam v Sibiri v 1861—1905 godakh [Activity of resettlement centers and medical and food aid to migrants in Siberia in 1861—1905]. Nauchnyy dialog [Scientific dialogue], 12: 230—247. DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2019-12-230-247. (In Russ.).
2. Churkin, M. K. (2009). Obratnyye migratsii: opyt sistemnogo analiza prichin dezadaptatsii pereselentsev v Zapadnoy Sibiri vo vtoroy polovine XIX — nachale XX vv [Reverse migrations: experience of system analysis of the causes of disadaptation of migrants in Western Siberia in the second half of the XIX-early XX centuries]. In: Sibirskoye obshchestvo v usloviyakh transformatsiy kontsa XIX — nachala XX vv.: identichnost’ i strategii povedeniya [Siberian society in the conditions of transformations of the late XIX-early XX centuries: identity and strategies of behavior]. Omsk: Amfora. 71—112. (In Russ.).
3. Egorysheva, I. V., Goncharova, S. G. (2013). Meditsinskoye obespecheniye pereseleniya krestyan v Sibir’ v khode Stolypinskoy reformy [Medical support for the resettlement of peasants in Siberia during the Stolypin reform]. Problemy sotsialnoy gigiyeny, zdravookhraneniya i istorii meditsiny [Problems of social hygiene, health care, and medical history], 3: 58—60. (In Russ.).
4. Goncharova, S. G. (2012). Rol’ Chelyabinskogo pereselencheskogo punkta v mediko-sanitarnom obsluzhivanii pereselentsev v kontse XIX — nachale XX vv. [The Role of the Chelyabinsk resettlement point in the medical and sanitary services of migrants in the late XIX-early XX centuries]. Rossiyskaya akademiya meditsinskikh nauk. Byulleten’ Natsionalnogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo instituta obshchestvennogo zdorovya [Russian Academy of medical Sciences. Bulletin of the National research Institute of public health], 51: 54—55. (In Russ.).
5. Gregori, P. (2001). Ekonomicheskaya istoriya Rossii: chto my o ney znayem i chego ne znayem. Otsenka ekonomista [Economic history of Russia: what we know and dont know about it. Economists assessment]. In: Ekonomicheskaya istoriya Rossii. Yezhegodnik [Economic history of Russia. Yearbook]. Moskva: ROSSPEN. 7—97. (In Russ.).
6. Istoriya Sibiri [History of Siberi], 5 (3). (1968). Leningrad: Nauka. Sibir’ v epokhu imperializma i burzhuazno-demokraticheskikh revolyutsiy. 530 p. (In Russ.).
7. Karpinets, A. Yu. (2012). K voprosu o realizatsii i finansovogo obespecheniya protsessa peremeshcheniya pereselentsev v Sibir’ v nachale XX veka (na primere Tomskoy gubernii) [On the issue of implementation and financial support of the process of moving migrants to Siberia in the early XX century (on the example of the Tomsk province)]. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kemerovo state University], 3 (51): 79—84. (In Russ.).
8. Massovyye agrarnyye pereseleniya na vostok Rossii (konets XIX — seredina XX v.) [Mass agrarian migrations to the East of Russia (late XIX — mid XX century)]. (2010). Novosibirsk: Institut istorii SO RAN. 206 p. (In Russ.).
9. Nemtsov, S. B. (1911). Vrachebnyye i feldsherskiye punkty Pereselencheskoy organizatsii Akmolinskogo rayona i zabolevayemost’ naseleniya v rayone punktov kartochnoy registratsii za 1906—1910 gg. [Medical and paramedic centers of the Resettlement organization of the Akmola region and the incidence of the population in the area of card registration points for 1906—1910]. Omsk: Izd. Akmolinskogo peresel. r-na. 23 p. (In Russ.).
10. Oks, E. I., Chukhrov, Yu. S., Ermolayev, A. N. (2012). Istoriya sanitarnogo dela v Kuzbasse v XIX—XX vekakh [History of sanitary Affairs in Kuzbass in the XIX—XX centuries]. Kemerovo: OOO «Aziya-print». 358, [2] p. (In Russ.).
11. Rashin, A. G. (1956). Naseleniye Rossii za 100 let (1811—1913 gg.): Stat. Ocherki [Population of Russia for 100 years (1811—1913): Stat. Essays]. Moskva: Gosstatizdat. 352 p. (In Russ.).
12. Razgon, V. N., Khramkov, A. A., Pozharskaya, K. A. (2013). Stolypinskiye migranty v Altayskom okruge: pereseleniye, zemleobespecheniye, khozyaystvennaya i sotsiokulturnaya adaptatsiya [Stolypin migrants in the Altai district: resettlement, land support, economic and socio-cultural adaptation]. Barnaul: AZBUKA. 348 p. (In Russ.).
13. Sergeyev, N. N. (1906). Pereseleniye v Sibir’ v 1906 g. Eniseysko-Irkutskiy rayon [Migration to Siberia in 1906. Yenisei Irkutsk district]. Voprosy mezhevaniya i zemleustroystva [Issues of land surveying and land management], 9. Moskva: Tipo-litogr. V. Rikhter. 109—116. (In Russ.).
14. Sklyarov, L. F. (1962). Pereseleniye i zemleustroystvo v Sibiri v gody stolypinskoy agrarnoy reformy [Resettlement and land management in Siberia during the Stolypin agrarian reform]. Leningrad: Izd-vo Leningr. un-ta. 588 p. (In Russ.).
15. Smirnova, V. E. (1998). Organizatsiya perevozki pereselentsev v Rossii (1881—1914 gg.). Author’s abstract of PhD Diss. [Organization of transportation of immigrants in Russia (1881—1914). Author’s abstract of PhD Diss.]. Chelyabinsk. 17 p. (In Russ.).
16. Smirnova, V. E. (2000). Chelyabinskiy pereselencheskiy punkt (konets XIX v. — 1920-e gody) [Chelyabinsk settlement (late XIX century-1920s)]. Magistra Vitae: elektronnyy zhurnal po istoricheskim naukam i arkheologii [Magistra Vitae: electronic journal of historical Sciences and archeology], 1 (11): 47—53. (In Russ.).
17. Suprunova, E. P. (2019). Iz istorii sanitarno-gigienicheskogo obespecheniya obshchestvennogo zdorovya v g. Vladivostoke i Primorskoy oblasti v usloviyakh modernizatsii nachala XX veka [From the history of sanitary and hygienic provision of public health in Vladivostok and the Primorye region in the conditions of modernization of the beginning of the XX century]. In: Biomeditsinskaya etika: staryye problem — novyye alternativy sbornik statey po materialam «kruglogo stola» XVI Tikhookeanskogo meditsinskogo kongressa s mezhdunarodnym uchastiyem (Vladivostok, 18—20 sentyabrya 2019 g.). FGBOU VO «Tikhookeanskiy gosudarstvennyy meditsinskiy universitet» Minzdrava Rossii [Biomedical ethics: old problems — new alternatives collection of articles based on the materials of the round table of the XVI Pacific medical Congress with international participation (Vladivostok, September 18—20, 2019)]. Vladivostok: VGUES. 123—140. (In Russ.).
18. Tatarnikova, A. I. (2018). Massovoye pereseleniye krestyan v Zapadnuyu Sibir’ v kontse XIX — nachale XX v. V sanitarno-gigiyenicheskom izmerenii [Mass migration of peasants to Western Siberia in the late XIX — early XX centuries. In the sanitary and hygienic dimension]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of Tomsk State University], 437: 148—154. DOI: 10.17223/15617793/437/21(In Russ.).
19. Tregubov, A. L. (1910). Pereselencheskoye delo v Semipalatinskoy i Semirechenskoy oblastyakh: Vpechatleniya i zametki chlena Gos. dumy A. L. Tregubova po poyezdke letom 1909 g [Resettlement business in Semipalatinsk and Semirechensk regions: Impressions and notes of a member of the state Duma A. L. Tregubov on a trip in the summer of 1909]. Sankt-Peterburg: [b. i.]. 78 p. (In Russ.).
20. Tyukavkin, V. G. (2001). Velikorusskoye krestyanstvo i stolypinskaya agrarnaya reforma [Great Russian peasantry and Stolypin agrarian reform]. Moskva: Pamyatniki istoricheskoy mysli. 303 p. (In Russ.).
21. Zemblinov, V. I. (1913). O sovremennom sostoyanii sanitarnykh usloviy perevozki pereselentsev po zheleznym dorogam [On the current state of sanitary conditions for transportation of migrants by rail]. In: Dvenadtsatyy Pirogovskiy syezd. Peterburg, 29 maya — 5 iyunya 1913 g [The twelfth Congress of the Pirogov. St. Petersburg, may 29-June 5, 1913], II. Sankt-Peterburg: Tip. Akts. obshch-va «Slovo». 68—73. (In Russ.).
Review
For citations:
Belyanin D.N. Medical Assistance to Migrants on their Way to Siberia in 1906—1914. Nauchnyi dialog. 2020;1(11):315-334. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-11-315-334
Views:
511
Email this article 