Semantic Reconstruction of Vocabulary with a Speed Value Derived from Verbs of Object Movement
https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-8-28-42
Abstract
The article deals with the verbs of moving an object by the subject, developing the semantics of low and high speed of action. The research is mainly based on the vocabulary of Russian folk dialects, but the facts of the literary language are also involved. Several lexical groups are distinguished, within which “speed” meanings can develop, depending on the way of movement indicated by the verbs: without lifting off the ground; by the strength of your movement; by air; appropriation; giving away; putting into something. Within each group, the main models of the development of lexemes with the semantics of speed, determined by the features of the called action, the meaning of affixes and possible associative series are described. It is found that, although the movement of an object by a subject is a fairly extensive lexical group, a limited set of models are presented directly in the designation of speed, which are implemented using synonymous verbs (tyanut’ [pull], tashchit’ [drag] and volochit’ [crawl along]; brosat’ [throw], kidat’ [cast] etc; khvatat’ [grab] etc.). The correlations of the semantics of speed with other semantic fields that arise within the framework of this thematic group are described.
Keywords
ethnolinguistics,
linguistic picture of the world,
Russian dialect vocabulary,
se-mantic derivation,
verb
Supporting agencies: The reported study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project number 20-18-00223 “Etymologization and semantic reconstruction of the Russian dialect vocabulary”
About the Author
E. O. Borisova
Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elizaveta O. Borisova - PhD in Philology, Associate Professor, Department of the Russian language for foreign students.
Yekaterinburg.
References
1. BSRNS — Mokienko, V. M., Nikitina, T. G. (2008). The Great Dictionary of Russian folk comparisons. Moscow: OLMA Media Group. 800 p. ISBN 978-5-373-01351-2. (In Russ).
2. BSRP — Mokienko, V. M., Nikitina, T. G. (2008). Big dictionary of Russian sayings. Moscow: OLMA Media Group. 785 p. ISBN 978-5-373-05079-1. (In Russ).
3. Dal — Dal, V. I. (1880—1882 (1989)). Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language in 4 volumes-2nd ed. St. Petersburg; Moscow: Publishing House of M. O. Wolf. (In Russ).
4. FSRGNP — Phraseological dictionary of Russian dialects of the Lower Pechora: in 2 vols. (2008). Saint Petersburg: Nauka. ISBN 978-5-02-025261-5. (In Russ).
5. FSRGS — Phraseological dictionary of Russian dialects of Siberia. (1983). Novosibirsk: Nau-ka. 232 p. (In Russ).
6. KSGRS — Dialect Dictionary of the Russian North (Department of Russian Language and General Linguistics of the UrFU, Yekaterinburg). (In Russ).
7. SPPP — Dictionary of Pskov proverbs and sayings / St. Petersburg State University, Interdepartmental Department. dictionary. kab. im. prof. B. A. Larin. (2001). St. Petersburg: Norint. 176 p. ISBN 5-7711-0118-4. (In Russ).
8. SRNG — Dictionary of Russian folk dialects, 1. (1965). Moscow; Leningrad; St. Petersburg: Nauka. 306 p. (In Russ).
9. SSRLYa — Dictionary of the modern Russian literary language: in 17 vols. (1948—1965). Moscow; Leningrad: Nauka. (In Russ).
10. Berezovich, E. L., Borisova, E. O. (2011). To be canyled, caulk and unmusk: semantic models of slowness in the Russian language. In: Space and time in language and culture. Moscow: Indrik. 288—303. ISBN 978-5-91674-140-7. (In Russ).
11. Borisova, E. O. (2018). Sound code in speed designations (based on the material of Russian folk dialects). Proceedings of the Ural Federal University. Series 2. Humanities, 3: 136—150. DOI: 10.15826/izv2.2018.20.3.051. (In Russ).
12. Edalina, A. A. (2012). Interaction of Semantic Areas “Food” and “Greed” in Russian Folk Dialects. Nauchnyi dialog, 12: 21—29. (In Russ).
13. Edalina, A. A. (2013). Russian dialect vocabulary with the meaning of greed: motivational analysis. Bulletin of the Perm University, 2 (22): 31—36. (In Russ).
14. Efremova, T. F. (2000). New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory-word-formation. Moscow: Bustard; Russian language. Available at: http://www.efremova.info (accessed 20.02.2021). (In Russ).
15. Eremina, M. A. (2003). Lexico-semantic field “The attitude of a person to work” in Russian folk dialects: ethnolinguistic aspect. PhD Diss. Yekaterinburg. 253 p. (In Russ).
16. Fasmer, M. (1986—1987). Etymological dictionary of the Russian language: in 4 volumes. Moscow: Progress. (In Russ).
17. Krasovskaya, N. A. (2014). Organization of anthropocentric verbal vocabulary in Russian dia-lects. Proceedings of the Tula State University. Humanities, 3: 212—220. (In Russ).
18. Kustova, G. I. (2004). Types of derived meanings and mechanisms of language expansion. Moscow: Languages of Slavic culture. 472 p. ISBN 5-9551-0022-9. (In Russ).
19. Nadeina, L. V. (2007). Semantics of movement in the reflection of the Russian language dialect metaphor. Author’s abstract of PhD Diss. Tomsk. 25 p. (In Russ).
20. Nadeina, L. V. (2010). Moving by crawling and dragging in a figurative reflection (based on the material of verbs of movement in Russian folk dialects). Philological sciences. Questions of theory and practice, 1 (5) / II: 154—158. (In Russ).
21. Nadeina, L. V. (2013a). “To fly up and down”: the “speed” of metaphorization in the scope of the movement (based on the verbs of motion in Russian folk dialects). Siberian journal of Philology, 4: 169—179. (In Russ).
22. Nadeina, L. V. (2013b). Figurative understanding of the subject’s movement from a closed space outside (based on the material of verbs of movement in Russian folk dialects). Bulletin of the Trans-Baikal State University, 07 (98): 70—73. (In Russ).
23. Petleva, I. P. (1972). On the semantic origins of words with the meaning of 'stingy’ in the Russian language. Etymology 1970. Moscow: Nauka. 207—216. (In Russ).
Review
For citations:
Borisova E.O. Semantic Reconstruction of Vocabulary with a Speed Value Derived from Verbs of Object Movement. Nauchnyi dialog. 2021;(8):28-42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-8-28-42
Views:
503
Email this article 