First Morpheme in Compound Words in Modern Chinese (Words from Coronavirus Era)
https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-3-78-95
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the principles of the formation of abbreviated words and the establishment of semantic and syntactic relationships between their constituent parts using the example of new abbreviated words that appeared with the onset of the coronavirus pandemic. The words recorded in the Chinese language in 2020—2021 are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the principle of selecting the first morpheme, in which the first morphemes of the original significant segments are preserved to form an abbreviated form. The relevance of the study is due to the increasing number of new abbreviated words, the complexity of their word-formation structures and the importance of their adequate understanding by both native Chinese speakers and foreign students. 12 compound abbreviated words (4 single-level and 8 multi-level) were analyzed, naming current phenomena in the life of Chinese society in the era of coronavirus. Five types of semanticsyntactic connections have been established: attributive connection, copulative connection, verbal-object connection, resultative connection and subject-predicative connection. It is concluded that among the principles on the basis of which complex abbreviated words are formed in modern Chinese, such as equivalence, distinctiveness, familiarity, etc., the principle of selecting the first morpheme plays an important role.
Keywords
compound words,
coronavirus era words,
principle of selection of the first morpheme,
semantic-syntactic links,
Chinese
Supporting agencies: The study is supported by the State Committee for Scholarships of the People’s Republic of China (grant № 201508090038)
About the Author
Xiaoge Li
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia; Pedagogical University of Inner Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia
Li Xiaoge - postgraduate student, Department of General and Russian Linguistics; assistant, Faculty of Russian Language, Institute of Foreign Languages
Moscow, Huhhot
References
1. Fu Huaqing. (2020). Vocabulary of the modern Chinese language. Beijing: Peking University Press. 274 p. ISBN 9787301069448. (In Chin.).
2. Hou Min., Teng Yonglin. (2020). Words about the fight against the epidemic in China. Stra-tegic Language research, 5: 50—61. DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200305. (In Chin.).
3. Jiang Xiangyong. (2015). The principle of the selection of the first morpheme and the cognitive justification of the formation of compound words in modern Chinese. Bulletin of Hubei University. Series: Philosophy and Social Sciences, 42 (5): 75—79. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4799.2015.05.013. (In Chin.).
4. Jiang Xiangyong. (2018). A study of the justifications of compound words in modern Chinese. Beijing: Chinese Publishing House of Social Sciences. 242 p. ISBN 9787520314770. (In Chin.).
5. Li Huimin. (2020). New words during the epidemic in 2020. The situation with the Chinese language, 1. Available at: http://ling.whu.edu.cn/index/search.html ?type=1&title=2020. (In Chin.).
6. Ma Qingzhu. (1988). About compound words and ways of their formation. Collection of linguistic studies at the Department of Chinese Language of Nankai University, 5:78—104. (In Chin.).
7. Ouyang Golyan. (2020). The origin of the compound word “pneumonia with coronavirus”. Language construction, 7: 62—64. DOI: 10.16412/j.cnki.1001-8476.2020.07.015. (In Chin.).
8. Song Wenhui. (2021). Functional and cognitive studies of compound words with effective communication. Shanghai: Xuelin Publishing House. 240 p. ISBN 9787548617990. (In Chin.).
9. Wang Han. (2021). Analysis of hot words in the era of coronavirus from the point of view of ecolinguistics. Culture of the Chinese character: discussion and discussion, 1: 130—135. DOI: 10.14014/j. cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2021.01.037. (In Chin.).
10. Wang Han, Lin Gang. (2021). About the “hot” words during the epidemic in teaching Chi-nese as a foreign language. Bulletin of Mudanji Pedagogical University, 30: 75—79. DOI: 10.15907/j.cnki.23-1450.2021.01.013. (In Chin.).
11. Wang Jihui. (2001). The study of compound words in modern Chinese. Tianjin: Tianjin Peo-ple’s Publishing House. 222 p. ISBN 9787201038698. (In Chin.).
12. Wang Mingyu. (2011). Compound words with subject-predicative connection and non-causative verbs in Chinese. Learning languages, 3: 37—42. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2979.2011.03.006. (In Chin.).
13. Xu Tongqiang. (1997). Theory of Language. Changchun: Northeastern Pedagogical Universi-ty Press. 623 p. ISBN 9787560220505. (In Chin.).
14. Xu Xinjian. (2020). Analysis of popular words on the Internet during coronavirus. Bulletin of Guangzhou University. Series: Social Sciences, 4: 113—129. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-394X.2020.04.022. (In Chin.).
15. Yan Chensong. (2000). Language justification research. Bulletin of the Institute of Foreign Languages of the PLA, 6: 1—6. DOI: CNKI:SUN:JFJW.0.2000-06-000. (In Chin.).
16. Ye Nan. (2016). Rhythmic and syntactic mechanisms of formation of compound words with attributive connection in the Chinese language. Bulletin of Sihuai University. Series: Philosophy and Social Sciences, 5: 27—30. DOI: 10.19642/j.issn.1672-8505.2016.05.006. (In Chin.).
17. Yin Zhiping. (1999). Methods and principles of the formation of compound words. Teaching languages and scientific research, 2: 73—82. DOI: CNKI:SUN:YYJX.0.1999-02-011. (In Chin.).
18. Zhang Wei. (2021). Cognitive study of the formation and lexical semantics of compound words with two syllables. Shanghai: Xuelin Publishing House. 141 p. ISBN 9787548617686. (In Chin.).
19. Zhou Goguang. (2004). Introduction to the Lexicology of Modern Chinese. Guangzhou: Guangdong Publishing House of Higher Education. 264 p. ISBN 9787536130708. (In Chin.).
20. Zhu Yan. (2004). A study of semantic word formation of compound words in the Chinese lan-guage. Beijing: Peking University Press. 316 p. ISBN 7-301-07922-2. (In Chin.).
Review
For citations:
Li X. First Morpheme in Compound Words in Modern Chinese (Words from Coronavirus Era). Nauchnyi dialog. 2022;11(3):78-95. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-3-78-95
Views:
455
Email this article 