Life and Nutrition of Pupils of Charitable Institutions for Children in St. Petersburg in Middle of 19th — Early 20th Centuries
https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-10-480-496
Abstract
The issues of organizing the life of children in charitable institutions of St. Petersburg in the middle of the 19th — early 20th centuries are considered. The study was carried out on the material of archival documents. Most of the sources are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The forms and methods of solving the issues of improving the conditions of hygiene, life and nutrition of pupils are revealed. The problem areas in the organization of the activities of institutions are characterized. The debatable issues that arose in the boards of trustees of institutions are listed. It is concluded that in the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries, the requirements for the activities of charitable institutions increased. In particular, approaches to the provision of medical care have changed: it was envisaged to include doctors in the boards of trustees of shelters who provided assistance to pupils on a gratuitous basis, controlled the quality of food and monitored living conditions. The collegial nature of the activities of the St. Petersburg Council contributed to the success of solving the problems facing orphanages. The Council in its activities took into account the opinion of the public, doctors, teachers on the upbringing and maintenance of pupils. The shelters had different financial opportunities, which depended both on the composition of the Boards of Trustees and on the activity of its members in holding charitable fundraising events. However, during the XIX — early XX centuries, general requirements for the operation of shelters were formed.
Supporting agencies: The study is supported by Russian Science Foundation, project number 22-18-00421, https://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00421/
About the Author
I. V. Sinova
Pushkin Leningrad State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina V. Sinova – Doctor of History, Associate Professor
St. Petersburg
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Review
For citations:
Sinova I.V. Life and Nutrition of Pupils of Charitable Institutions for Children in St. Petersburg in Middle of 19th — Early 20th Centuries. Nauchnyi dialog. 2022;11(10):480-496. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-10-480-496
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