The role of physiological metaphor in creating the image of modern Russia in the German media is discussed. The author relies on the idea that metaphor is one of the ways of structuring the reality and formation of the relationship of the recipient to the subject of discussion, it affects Germans’ perception of Russia, as it promotes the formation of certain ideas about the country. It is proved that among the metaphorical models in the German media, the model “Russia as a living organism” plays special role. The author believes that the physiological metaphor is the most frequently used conceptual model in connection with the feature of human consciousness to simulate the reality in his own image. Material is extracted from periodicals of Germany of 2014-2015. The text fragments that contain metaphors are analysed. The author comes to the conclusion that against the background of worsening relations between Russia and the West the physiological metaphors contribute to creating a negative image of the country, presenting the country as an aggressive actor of the international relations, who hides his own fears and insecurities behind threats. Special attention is paid to the figurative embodiment of Russia’s ability as a living organism to survive under pressure from the West.

The study focuses on the analysis of a sample of political discourse in the UK from linguistic and cultural positions. The theoretical position of the relationship between language and culture are covered. The necessity of taking into account national and cultural characteristics in the course of a critical analysis of political discourse is proved. The purpose of the study is to reveal language units with national-cultural specificity. The text from the magazine “The Economist” is analysed. It is shown that, firstly, the literary allusions (Shakespeare and Huxley); secondly, the metaphorical images (a natural disaster as changes and a state as a sick person); thirdly, the cultural stereotypes ( stiff upper lip ) do have cultural identity in the text. Special attention in this paper is paid to the metaphors, based on specific British source spheres. It seems that those are “sea” metaphors that appeared in the power of past of the United Kingdom as a Maritime power. Functional load of distinguished culturally-specific elements in the analyzed text is commented at different levels: fixing images typical to this cultural and linguistic community and cohesion of the text. Actuality of research is caused by growing interest of researchers to the relationship of language and culture.

The article continues a series of works devoted to the study of naming of emotions in language. The term semantic derivation is used for semantic derivatives that links the different meanings of the same word at the level of synchronous polysemy, and for the relations between meanings of word in different moments of its history. The predicates denoting the regret and remorse in different languages are the subject of the study. Methods of nominating the categories of regret and remorse are studied, which can be traced in the internal form of words, synchronous polysemy and phraseology. The study is based on a large corpus of explanatory and etymological dictionaries. The description is constructed using the inventory of semantic transitions. The compilation of the inventory of semantic transitions is an urgent task for semantic typology. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the study of inner forms of the word is one of the ways of studying the linguistic picture of the world because the inner form reflects the method of concept construction. Interest in diachronic studies of lexical semantics is also determined by the aims of constructing the explanatory models of language. Data obtained in the study of naming of emotions of regret and remorse can also be used in the preparation of the “Catalogue of semantic transitions,” which is currently being developed by Russian linguists.

The problem of extremist texts analysis is considered. The research urgency is caused by necessity of studying the pragmatics of extremist texts, because they are in public domain and have a negative impact on an unprepared audience. It is shown that a contextual analysis of basic notions (concepts) of extremist texts helps to define the cognitive basis of radical ideology. It is indicated that one of these concepts in nationalist ideology is the concept of “patriotism,” which is the main motivator for extremist activity. This article is devoted to description of the concept PATRIOTISM in the context of speech works created by nationalist groups of skinheads. Material for the study consists of printed and audio materials, discovered in the social network “V kontakte” with have features of extremist speech activities. The results of the analysis of linguistic elements that form the concept of PATRIOTISM in these texts are presented, as well as the results of comparative analysis of lexicographical sources to identify semantic scope of tokens patriotism and patriot . The author identifies the components of the investigated concept. Special attention is paid to the analysis and systematization of lexical units, drawing up basic concept in the radical consciousness that encourages aggressive actions, endorsed by the ideological concept of nationalism.

The article is devoted to consideration of efficiency of the method of phonosematic analysis in the translation of sound descriptive vocabulary from Japanese into Russian in the most capacious genre of Japanese poetry - haiku. The relevance of the topic is dictated by the lack of clearly defined principles of translation of sound descriptive lexis in general and by the translators ignoring the ability of phonetic units and the sound organization of the text to act as a carrier of emotional content in particular. The article shows that the traditional principles of translating non-equivalent vocabulary, which includes sound descriptive words, are not effective in the case of the Japanese language, mostly because of the peculiarities of Oriental lyric poetry, rooted in the philosophy of Buddhism, Zen (chin. Chan ) and the national world view, which, in turn, is based on imagery and innuendo. On the material of poetic works by the famous Japanese poet Issa Kobayashi (1763-1828), full of onomatopoetical vocabulary, the features of the semantic structure of sound descriptive words are identified, phonetic means are determined, not only relevant for the adequate representation of this structure, but also for ensuring the unity of form and meaning of sound descriptive words.

The article is devoted to scientific and professional communication between specialists in one of the fields, namely the medical discourse. The research is based on English texts of the dialogues of the doctors from the TV series “House” and “ER” as well as the texts of scientific and medical discussions, freely available on the Internet. The objective characteristics of the communicative situation are identified and described. It is proved that the dominants of communicative situation of scientific and professional communication are institutional character, formality / informality of the situation, communicative goal, language of scientific and professional communication, communication modus. Special attention is given to professional language subsystem. The typology of physician’s professional language is proposed with the identification of groups of vocabulary related to medical terminology and medical jargon. The latter group includes medical slang and professionalisms. Variation is observed in switching terminology busy code to the code based on the medical parlance. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that medical professional communication qualifies as equal status communication because it is a collaboration of specialists. The author divides the situation of symmetric and asymmetric communication modes. The features of such communicative events as discussion of private clinical case and medical research discussion are commented. Each of them has a list of signs that determine the peculiarities of communicative behaviour of the participants of the situation.

The peculiarities of the translations from the love poetry of the Armenian poet G. Emin made by V. Zvyagintseva are considered. It is noted that G. Emin is one of the brightest and most distinctive poets of Armenian literature of the 20^th century, whose poetry reflected the poet’s deep philosophical thinking. It is shown that with the end of the first half of the 20^th century the poetry by G. Emin attracted the attention of such famous Russian poets-translators as V. Zvyagintseva, I. Snegova, E. M. Dudin, D. Samoilov, Yu. Levitansky, L. Ozerov and others. It is noted that the lyrics by Gevorg Emin was translated by whole cycles. It is argued that the richness of the inner world of Emin, the stylistic features of his love lyrics are vividly transmitted in the translations of Vera Zvyagintseva, which are included in almost all collections of the poet. The analysis of translations from the love poetry of the Armenian poet by Zvyagintseva is presented. The author comes to the conclusion that these translations are great examples of poetry, made at the highest professional level; they convey the meaning and the stylistic richness of the original as close as possible; they are made in accordance with the requirements of the theory of art translation, which allowed Zvyagintseva to recreate the Armenian poet’s originality of creativity.

The article presents an analysis of motives that permeate the narrative in the story by Ivan Shmelev “The Kulikovo Field.” The author identified a number of motives, which semantics and functioning is interpreted at subject-figurative, symbolic, thematic levels of the narrative. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of transfiguration. It is proved that it became a core of the motif field of the story. The author believes that this motive is a mean of contamination, on the one hand, of the dominant motive of trial-overcome, on the other hand, of the complex of motives of fear, signs and lights. The interaction of the structural motifs of the way-meeting and cross is noted. The question is raised about the specifics of the philosophical and aesthetic position of the writer, about the specifics of his perception of the Orthodox doctrine. Novelty of research consists in the fact that the conceptual significance of biblical image of “shear” (“remainder”), that is, the teachings of Isaiah about the trials of the people, coming deliverance and the righteous for Shmelev is revealed for the first time. It appears that the implementation of these images constructed argument number in the story. Understanding the role of Sergius of Radonezh, whose feat was an example of asceticism and the revival of the moral sense of the people, reflects the number of historiosophical ideas of the writer, above all one of the fundamental positions of Shmelev’s anthropology: the historical transformation of Russia precedes the spiritual transformation of man. In this process the key role the writer takes of the intelligentsia, who should return to the Orthodox roots, recognising their new task.

The article analyzes the activities of the Russian army in the Kingdom of Poland in 1831-1853. The features of the location of the army units in Poland, their daily service and financing are discussed. Special attention is paid to the relationship between the commander of the army field marshal I. F. Paskevich and the Emperor Nicholas I. The question of how the friendly relations between the commander and the Emperor affect the status of the Russian army in Poland is examined. Scientific novelty of research consists in the fact that comprehensive description of the activities of the Russian Imperial army in the Polish Kingdom is presented for the first time in Russian historiography. The author concludes that despite the special status of field marshal Paskevich among the military leadership of the Empire, the situation in the army until the end of the 1840-ies was under the control of the Emperor, who received information on the problems of the army. The study is based on two main sources: (1) published correspondence between Nicholas I and Paskevich, (2) archival materials on the service of the Russian army in Poland, which are stored in Russian state military historical archive and the research archive of the Museum of artillery, engineer and signal corps.

The article is devoted to the study of the organization of missionary work in the Nizhny Novgorod region in the period after the great reforms of Alexander II to 1905. The article characterizes the work of two major institutions in the field of missionary work - Novgorod Committee of the Orthodox Missionary Society (OMS) and the brotherhood of the Holy cross. The Committee of OMS was responsible for the spread of Orthodoxy among the natives of the Nizhny Novgorod diocese, mostly Tatars, it collected funds for the development of missionary work and propaganda of the official Orthodoxy among non-Christians in the Eastern part of the Empire. The aim of the Brotherhood was to return to the official Church the old believers and sectarians. The author reveals the problems of the organization of missionary works, analyses its results. Work on the return of “fallen away” baptized Tatars, the spread of Christianity among the Tatar Muslims in Nizhny Novgorod province was ineffective. The Committee did not have enough material resources, well-trained staff to preach in the environment of the Muslims well-read and strong in the faith. Unlike the Committee of OMS, the work of the brotherhood of Holy cross was more successful. The number of its branches in the diocese increased steadily. Missionary work extended not only priests but also the laity, among which the most active and successful missionaries stood out. Systematic interviews were popular among the population of the Nizhny Novgorod province and guests of the fair from other parts of the country. The author comes to the conclusion that the work of the brotherhood of Holy cross had a certain influence on the religious consciousness of the old believers and sectarians. With the early activities of the brotherhood the number of transitions in the official Church increased significantly, but the number of departures from it in the old believers continued to dominate.

Assessment of the competitiveness of the European Union countries is justified compared to other world economy - the United States of America, Japan and BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China). By mapping indicators of the global report of The World Economic Forum a comparative analysis of capabilities and limitations of the EU in core areas of economic and social development is made. A comparison of indicators of gross domestic product per capita is made at purchasing power parity in different countries and the human development index which is a composite indicator assessing social development achievements in health and education. The examples show that there is no direct mapping between the GDP of many countries and quality of life, because wealth can be concentrated in the hands of a small part of the population. Special attention is paid to the issue of the ageing european society and migration crisis. It is indicated that the problems of population ageing in the European Union cannot be solved only through migration policy. In conclusion, the authors consider the prospects of development of the EU and raise the question of a possible limit in the integration process of the EU currently.

On the basis of various sources the article considers the historical conditions and peculiarities of formation and functioning of the in the Far East and northeast China, in Harbin. The research urgency is caused by necessity of understanding the role of notaries in the system of social institutions, the general laws and peculiarities of its development in the Far East. The brief description of formation of the system of notary bodies in Russia, the main features of the process of institutionalization of notaries in the region is given. The main legal and institutional conditions of its functioning in different historical conditions are analyzed. The process of formation and activities of notaries in the unique socio-legal and administrative realities of Harbin is considered. The peculiarities of formation of bodies of notaries are covered. Specific examples illuminated the legal and social status of notaries. Special attention is given to processes of institutional transformation of the system of notaries in different historical conditions, including the period of fundamental socio-political and socio-economic changes of 1918-1923. The conclusion is made about the reasons of the high demand for notaries from all segments of the population of the region and its institutional sustainability, manifested in the analyzed period.

The article is devoted to the subject insufficiently developed in the national historiography. The study was conducted on materials of the State archive of the Sverdlovsk region and the Center of documentation of public organizations of Sverdlovsk region. The topic urgency is determined by its high relevance for the social sciences, especially history, sociology and political science. Scientific novelty of the work is seen in the fact that the new material discovered by the author in these archives is introduced into usage. It is stated that the analysis of money income and expenditure of the ruling party of the former USSR is an important area of research in the field of national history, and the annual financial reports of the regional party structures represent a unique source of information. It is argued that in the USSR at the level of state secrets any information about the income of the party functionaries and their privileges intentionally suppressed, as well as the information on the financial activities of the Communist party in general. It is proved that the Communist party completely disposed the finances not only belonged to it, but also the resources of the whole country using them in its own purposes, for example, to finance the deficit of budget of the party. It is declared that the revenue and expenditure budgetary activities of regional party organizations had their own interesting characteristics, studying of which allows to expand the framework of our understanding of their functioning. It is emphasized that the party budget of regional committee of the party was rather arbitrary category and had primarily control and audit function.

The position of Cyprus in the second half of the 1940-ies is discussed, when after the Second world war Britain decided to modify their colonial policy and to grant Cyprus a new Constitution, granting a number of rights as the Greek and Turkish communities of the island. On the basis of British documents, works of foreign authors, as well as articles from newspapers of that time the overview of British policy towards the island is given. The special role of the island for great Britain is mentioned because of the beginning the process of decolonization after the Second world war. The article focuses on the activities of the Assembly to prepare a constitutional draft of Lord Winster, according to which Cyprus was to occur a number of entities controlled primarily by the British administration. The problems of the Cyprus society of that time are highlighted associated primarily with the different perception of the constitutional project by two Cyprus communities. The existence of contradictions in the Cypriot society is considered. The commitment of the Greek Cypriots and the Church of Cyprus to the idea of enosis (a movement for annexation of Cyprus to Greece) is mentioned.

The history of the Swiss Canton of Ticino in the 19^th century is examined. A review of the main historical events that had an important influence on the development of the Canton is made. In particular, the importance of “Act of Mediation” of Napoleon Bonaparte is noted, as the history of the Canton as an independent territorial and political unit in Switzerland began from the time of its signing. The characteristic of Canton political structure, its principal political forces, the liberals and the conservatives, is given. It is shown that the antagonism between them has remained unchanged throughout these periods. It is emphasized that the main task of the Canton government in the period under review was the creation of a unite space with a single management structure and laws. Socio-economic changes are analyzed aimed at achieving the goals listed above. A review of the basic events in the history of Canton is made. The role of certain political figures that influenced the development of the Canton in the 19^th century is analyzed.

The article is devoted to the typology of religious sectarianism, which spread in the territory of the Tobolsk governorate in the second half of XIX - early XX century. Material is the complex of management and statistical sources, that are stored by the State archive in Tobolsk. It is demonstrated that the documents show a steady growth the followers of the sects of Skoptsy , Khlysty , Doukhobory , Shtundists, nemolyaki , subbotniki , Baptists, Adventists, Molokans, Mennonites in the governorate during the considered chronological period. The authors point to the lack of a common terminology in the sources, to many self-designations in the followers of sects, note the difficulty of accounting the sectarians for the local Church and the administrative-police apparatus of control. The need to study these aspects at the present stage is emphasized. The definitions of sectarianism are given. Its distinctive features and characteristics are presented. The comparative-critical analysis (in terms of chosen territorial and chronological boundaries) of classifications of sectarianism available in science, contained in the works of Russian pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern researchers, is made. For further study of the history of sectarianism, the authors took as a basis the idea of dividing the sects in the rationalistic and the mystical. The appeal to the historical periodization of the development of sectarianism allowed to justify the religious nature of the sects operating in the territory of the Tobolsk governorate.

The problem of demand for teacher-psychologist by system of modern education is considered. The relevance of the study is determined by significant changes in the status and functions of psychologist in education, breaking the stereotype existing about his / her professional activities. The loss of the ideological essence of the profession of a school psychologist is also mentioned, its focus on the interests of the child, development of child’s personality. Organizational and conceptual aspects of the school relating to the reform of Russian education and enshrining in the new law on education are analysed. The transfer of the work of psychologist from educational institutions into centres of psycho-pedagogical, medical and social support significantly limits vocational field of psychologist. The high level of heterogeneity of pupils in the parameters of willingness to learn, neuropsychological status, social and cultural development is shown. The author argues that this situation calls for continuous psycho-pedagogical support of the educational process. The attitude of students’ parents to the professional position of the psychologist as a representative of the education system is discussed. Domination of the low level of trust in such professionals is revealed. The contradiction between the objective necessity of the presence of the school psychologist and the requirements of the new law on education is shown. The proneness to conflict of professional position of psychologist working in the education system is examined. The author indicates that the professional position of the psychologist in the conditions of optimizing the education loses the humanistic sense initially built in it.

The problem of formation of creativity of mid-level professionals is considered, the solution of which requires to investigate the presence of goal-setting regulatory base governing the formation and development of creativity; conceptual framework of development of creativity, which determines not only the theoretical basis but also solves the problems of the organization of practical activities; the implementation of the model of creativity formation in students of secondary professional education (SPE) organizations. A detailed study of each of the conditions of formation of future specialists’ creativity is proposed. It is shown that the law has yet to consolidate common requirements for the development of creative abilities of students at different levels of education. The conceptual framework of studying the process of formation of students’ creativity is presented. The author’s definition of “social-gaming activities” is given. The notion of “creativity formation in students in SPE organizations” is clarified. These categories form the basis for the development of the model of creativity formation in students of SPE organizations through social-gaming activities. The model of formation of creativity of students includes the regulatory-projecting, motivational, organizational and substantial diagnostic-effective components. Typical principles of social-gaming activities organization, its symptoms and stages are considered. Creative potential of sociography activities is assessed.

The article presents the Internet projecting as a means of implementing the project, cyber-ontological and the competence approaches in education. Based on the analysis of federal state educational standard of higher education in the directions of training “Psychology,” “Psychological and pedagogical education” and “Social work,” the author identified the competencies that can be actualized in the process of creating the students own Internet-projects. They include the following competences: understanding the importance of professional activity and readiness for its implementation; willingness and ability to self-education and professional self-development; ability to work (to organize work) in a team; ability to effective oral and written communication, educational activities, goal setting and achieving professional goals, self-organization, application of knowledge and skills into practice, professional reflection; having the culture of information and communication activities and the capacity to implement projects, to organize and evaluate project activities of students. To test the hypothesis, the author created and implemented a module “Internet-projecting” in the framework of the academic disciplines at the faculty of pedagogics and psychology of Moscow State University of Education. A system of competence evaluation of the implementation of Internet projects is introduced. The results of the empirical work allowed to conclude about the effectiveness of Internet projecting as a form of academic work, ensuring the development of these competences among students of pedagogical university.

The article is devoted to the development of professionally-oriented textbooks to the engineering bachelor courses. Stages of development of the concept of professionally-oriented textbooks are considered from the standpoint of realization of communicative approach in teaching professional foreign language. Considerable attention is paid to defining the thematic professional content of textbook sections, to ensuring its conformity with modern educational standards. The need for problem consideration of professional themes is emphasized as a way of stimulating communicative activities. Types of discourse are specified within which intercultural professional communication between bachelors of engineering profile should be implemented. Special attention is paid to the development of exercise materials based on authentic texts, representing the functional and stylistic characteristics of key types of discourse and developing bachelors’ ability to use different discourse strategies. Novelty of research consists in the fact that it considers the possibility of modelling professional activity in the textbook by constructing professional subject for each thematic section, which would determine logically interconnected sequence of situations of oral and written professional interaction that involves interpretation and generation of typical texts representing the business, professional, and scientific discourse. It is noted that the communicative focus of the textbook is provided through the development of exercises based on authentic texts relevant to the list of identified typical communicative situations.

The verification of management support of professional and educational trajectory of students in terms of socio-cultural educational environment of the university is considered. The research urgency is caused by the transition to the educational standards of the third generation, which offer students and teachers new opportunities. The teachers face the challenge not only of transferring knowledge and skills to students, but also the formation of future graduate’s personality, capable of professional development. The article analyses the conditions for the maintenance of professional and educational trajectory of students at the university. Professional motives and commitment to professional development of students, the level of professional knowledge, commitment to their completion and perfection during the period of professionalization of personality are commented. Formed abilities and skills, professional experience are represented as a set of indicators of quality of professional and personal development of students. The authors hold the view that in practice of higher education institutions the teaching staff faces the task of the organization and ensuring educational process with the guarantee of student’s transition to higher levels of professional and personal development. It is proved that the requirements of vocational and educational trajectory allows to approximate the educational process to the needs of students, to form their professional and educational development in the conditions of the university, to prepare for practice.

It is reported about the cycle of events organized with the involvement of European philologists in December 2016 - January 2017 at the Faculty of Philology of Samara State Socio-Pedagogical University. It is reported that during the online conference scientists from Poland and Serbia shared their experiences of teaching the Russian language and Russian literature abroad.

The results of the meeting of the interdisciplinary scientific discussion club at the Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education (Moscow) are presented. It is reported that the meeting discussed the problem of the correlation of traditions and innovations, their significance and role in the life of modern society. The main issues that were discussed during the scientific meeting are discussed.

The announcement of the scientific event is presented. April 19, 2017 the Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education organizes the X meeting of the interdisciplinary scientific discussion club “Labor in the Human Dimension: Loss and Acquisition”.

The review of the collection of scientific papers “Socio-political function of the national scientific foundations” is presented. The edition was prepared by the group of domestic researchers with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (RFFR) and published in 2016.