The article is devoted to the restrictive component in the lexical meaning of the word, which manifests itself in the double limitation of combinability, or further concretization in the framework of the semantic class of lexemes. This research is conducted in the field of combinatorial semasiology, studying the ratio of the semantics of word and compatibility. The purpose of this article is to prove a restrictive component presence in the meaning of the word, specifying the word combinability. As the analysis shows, often limiting the compatibility is influenced by the subject semes that contain the semantic characteristics ‘nomination subject’. The structure of the meanings of many words can contain restrictive semes, which impose additional restrictions on the subject semes. The author states that restrictive semes have narrow meaning and indicate not class or subclass of combining words, but specific words, that combine within a specific class or subclass of words. It is shown that restrictive seme restricts the combinability of a language unit with the particular word and is always described through negation - ‘not about…’. The author argues that the restriction on the semantic subclass of combining words influenced by the subject semes is formed unmotivated and is a result of a linguistic tradition exclusively.

Specifics of motivation of terminological items of military sublanguage formed in semantic way is covered. The material is the English articles devoted to the military topic. In the analyzed sublanguage there is high frequency of cases of semantic motivation, arising from a metaphorical transfer of the meaning of words of common language. The study of military terminology in the aspect of its motivation is relevant in connection with active formation of terminology of the military sublanguage in conditions of modern technological progress. The study of the phenomenon of motivation in sublanguages gives an idea about general laws of development of a specific language as the language system. The terms are considered in the light of such criteria as the presence of motivation, type of motivation, type of a motivated term and the direction of metaphorization of motivated terms. The most productive metaphorical models of military terms in the English language are determined. The cases of combination of different types of motivation within the same term are revealed. It is discovered that multi-component terms containing more than two components have a lower degree of motivation of the name. The results of comparative analysis of the types of motivated English military terms and their Russian equivalents are presented.

One of the components of the grammatical structure of the art text - comparative construction - is considered. The authors believe that through the analysis of the comparisons it is possible to comprehend the peculiarities of the worldview and language of the writer. The research urgency is caused by the fact that the study of grammar in the cognitive aspect is based on the anthropocentric direction of modern linguistics. The novelty lies in the combination of structural-semantic and cognitive methods of analysis of language units with the aim of reconstructing the author’s consciousness. The definitions for the components of the structure of comparative constructions are given. Comparative constructions selected by continuous sampling from Esenin’s “small” poems and his poem “Pugachev” are comprehensively considered: from the point of view of formal-semantic organization, as a means of organizing the artistic image and in the light of the theory of conceptual metaphor. Structural-semantic classification of comparative constructions are developed. In addition, they are seen as a means of creating a syncretic art image. In this case attention is paid to their relationship with such tropes, as metaphor, metamorphosis, impersonation. The result of the cognitive analysis the field-target and area-sources of all selected comparative constructions are described. The study reveals the dominances of Esenin’s author consciousness and traces their change.

The narratives on starvation in the rear during the Great Patriotic war on the territory of the Ulyanovsk Volga region are analysed. It is shown that they functioned primarily in the family sphere and were the means of transmitting not only life experience, but also family “symbolic capital.” The analysis of 43 oral stories found that they include a number of repeating and persistent motifs of different frequency. Different degree of development of motifs in the narrative is noted. Utterances about starvation typical to such texts which express the attitude of the narrator to events or associate the past experience with the time of telling are highlighted. The example of motivic organization is the analysis of oral story in which the motifs themselves, and some types of relations between them (thematic, associative) are most fully represented. It is shown that in some narratives some of these motifs are combined with references about various household details, descriptions of the experiences of the characters. The conclusion is that the narratives about Great Patriotic war can form complete plot that are separate stories or plot-compositional elements of a complex narrative.

This article represents the part of a collective study of verbal collocations of memory functioning in the Russian media. The authors focus on poly-aspect characteristics (structural, semantic and syntagmatic) of verb collocations with the key word pamyat’ “memory,” recorded in the Russian media of late 20^th - early 21^st centuries. The material for the study is the corpus of Russian newspaper texts from the University of Leeds and newspaper corpus of the National corpus of the Russian language. Using methods of analysis based on Loglikelihood score measures the patterns of representation of memory operations in the Russian language are determined. The authors characterize the selected subset of collocations that describe the different types of mnemonic processes, consider structural-semantic models implementing in collocations for each of the selected subgroups; characterize the nomination motive, associations and images that indicate the perception of memory as a discursive phenomenon. According to the results of complex analysis the conclusions are made about the functional-semantic potential of the verbal collocations of memory in contemporary Russian journalism. The article provides an example of a dictionary entry of ideographic comprehensive dictionary of Russian verbal collocations of memory, which macrostructure reflects an ontologically-driven classification of mnemonic processes, combining lexical units into semantic groups around key words in alphabetical order.

The article is devoted to the study of the tools of intertextuality in the discourse of social advertising. Despite the high interest of researchers to the problem of the intertextual interaction the question of the mechanism of intertextuality in advertising, including social, is still not fully lit, especially as the advertising is dynamic and each new day provides ample material for research. The novelty of the research is determined by the author’s study of modern tools of intertextuality in the discourse of social advertising, the main objectives of which consist in formation of system of values in the mass consciousness, the adjustment of the value priorities and benchmarks, translation of socially approved behavioral patterns. That’s why social advertising needs the non-stereotypical representation of its object - social ills and values. Special attention is paid to the typology of the tools of intertextuality in the texts of social advertising and the functional load of each of the considered types. As the basic functions of intertextual inclusions in the discourse of social advertising the author identifies attractive and persuasive ones as the most important and regularly implemented. As secondary functions, aesthetic, game and delimitation ones are highlighted. Suggested classifications are accompanied by examples of Russian and foreign social advertising.

The author’s reproduction of living dialogical speech in linguo-cultural context of the current time is considered on the material of the play “The Very Day” by the young playwright Yaroslava Pulinovich. It is noted that the Ural school of modern drama in Yekaterinburg under the leadership of Nikolai Kolyada, which representative is Y. Pulinovich, is characterized by the presence of established aesthetic convention. The core of this convention is a method of linguistic naturalism. Analysis of the dialogues of the play have led to the conclusion that a naturalistic reproduction of speech is provided in part by inclusions of obscene vocabulary, elements of the urban vernacular, jargon. The predominant method is the method of linguistic realism, covering the construction of cooperative and conflictual dialogs. The analysis highlights the types of replicas aimed at the development of communicative contact; the inextricable link between the social role and communicative position of speakers is confirmed. On the material of speech party of the heroine the interpretation of communicative-pragmatic failures is given, their causes are revealed. Taking into account the role hierarchy the internal family communication is considered. The destructive consequences of abnormal distribution of rights and responsibilities of regular communication partners are highlighted. Axiological content of the metaphor of the road appearing in the play final is revealed.

By the example of F. M. Dostoevsky’s early works the theme of the comic as the special situation for the hero, both spiritual and actual physical, is considered. Special attention is paid to the motif of the heart as the key to changing comic situation of the hero. Based on the analysis of personal correspondence of Dostoevsky and his brother Mikhail it is argued that knowledge of the world and, as a consequence, the possibility of overcoming the comic situation on the potentials of the heart are among the key themes of F. M. Dostoevsky. Explication of these concepts is carried out on the basis of works “Polzunkov” and “Little hero.” It is shown that special reflexion and resolution they achieve in the novel “Little hero.” The article includes examples of other early works by F. M. Dostoevsky to confirm the research theory and to demonstrate the breadth of the topic. The novelty of the presented work lies in the method, according to which the concept of the comic is seen not as a general literary category, but as a concept introduced by author and used to refer to the special situation for the hero. The relevance of this work is that the proposed method opens a way to the author’s understanding the idea of the comic and gives a chance to trace the development of the author’s conception of the comic.

The formation of the literary image of Ivan Matveyevich Muravyov-Apostol is discussed, who entered the history of Russian literature as the author of a journalistic series “Letters from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod” and “The Journey in Tauris in 1820.” It is noted that I. M. Muravyov-Apostol is famous for being “a scholar and lover of antiquity.” The author of the article explores the translation activity of I. M. Muravyov-Apostol, his enthusiasm for the work of the Roman poet Horace. It is shown how the translations of satirical works and odes of Horace by Muravyov-Apostol influenced the formation of his literary interests and, accordingly, the creation of the literary image of the writer. The critical works devoted to the translation activity of Muravyov-Apostol are considered. The role of friendship is noted between the writer and G. R. Derzhavin with whom they were united by similar attitude to the literary and civil issues, as well as interest in ancient culture and translation of satirical works and odic poetry of Horace. Excerpts from their correspondence are given, as well as opinions of other writers about the creative activities of Muravyov-Apostol. The author concludes that special influence on the formation of Muravyov-Apostol’s literary image had self-presentation of his translations at meetings of the society “Beseda lyubiteley russkogo slova.”

The article discusses two major issues: philosophical context of N. A. Klyuev’s lyrics (N. F. Fyodorov’s idea of active Christianity and Vl. S. Solovyov’s idea of unitotality), and the basic concept of the religious philosophy of Klyuev himself. The material for the study are the poems from two collections: “Sosen perezvon” (1912) and “Lesnaya byl” (1913). The central myth in Klyuev’s artistic consciousness of 1910-ies is examined. It is proved that the center of this myth is the poet’s self-interpretation as a coworker of God, whose work is the inner spiritual work, coloured by apocalyptic forebodings of the onset of a new history. Special attention is given to how Klyuev rethinks and tries to overcome creatively the traditional philosophical categories of time, space, death. The research urgency is caused by the fact that it is the first attempt to read the Klyuev’s poetry through the prism of Vl. S. Solovyov’s philosophy of unitotality. It is concluded that the images of nature in Klyuev’s lyrics bear the imprint of Solovyov’s idea of unitotality as “a closed and perfect “whole.”

The article is devoted to stages of modern German policy in the Middle East and examines Chancellor G. Schroeder’s foreign policy agenda for the region. It is emphasized that in the new conditions of a changed world order Chancellor G. Schroeder had to build a foreign policy strategy in the Middle East region, basing on the common European course and considering significant role of the Euro-Atlantic partnership. The basic military strategy of Germany are formulated. The amount of Germany economic and military aid is specified. The main controversies between the Federal government and Washington are mentioned on the question of the volume of German investments in joint action in the region and military involvement of Germany. The author shows the willingness and desire of Germany to act as European leader in the construction of European security system. The question is raised about the fact that today the problem of international terrorism and violations of human rights in the developing countries of the Middle East is one of the global problems of modernity and Germany considers these areas are among the priorities in its foreign policy strategy in the region.

The development of handicraft production in the provincial cities in Simbirsk governorate in the second half of the 19^th century is considered. The data about artisans population and their specialization in the towns of the province are given. It is noted that these data quantify not only the craft specialization of county towns, but also the degree of economic development of each individual city and governorate in general. It is shown that the analysis of craft production in the cities takes into account three categories of craftsmen: masters, workers and students. The results of the dynamics of the handicraft business in the second half of the 19^th century are presented. The author dwells on the analysis of craft activities of two largest cities in the province of Simbirsk of the second half of the 19^th century, Simbirsk and Syzran, as these cities had the most favorable economic conditions for the expansion of craft specialization. It is concluded that the handicraft production, with a direct dependence on the development of agriculture, was the beginning of the industrial form of peasant entrepreneurship. The author comes to the conclusion that the greatest number of artisans was observed in the field of clothing and shoes.

The article is devoted to the subject insufficiently developed in the national historiography. The study is conducted on materials of several archives: archive of Department of the Federal security service in Sverdlovsk region, State archive of Sverdlovsk region, current archive of Territorial body of Federal state statistics service for Sverdlovsk region and the Centre of documentation of public organizations of Sverdlovsk region with the assistance of the scientific and publicistic literature. The relevance of the topic is determined by its importance for the social sciences, especially for history and sociology. Scientific novelty of the work is seen in the fact that the new materials discovered by the author in these archives are introduced into scientific usage. The article aims to study the level and dynamics of the monetary income of the most numerous categories of urban and rural population of the Sverdlovsk region: workers, engineering-technical workers, employees of industry and farmers. It is noted that the socio-economic role of monetary income is very large and consists primarily in the determination of the level of consumption of the population. It is alleged that during the studied decade, the wages of industrial workers increased slightly. It is claimed that small amounts of wages are not enough even for everyday expenses for acquisition of necessary manufactured goods and food. It is stated that the end of the studied period was marked by the first serious conflicts between workers and administration on the basis of low wages. It is declared that the average salary of workers was significantly lower than engineer ones. It is emphasized that the total incomes of working families trail also the incomes of industry workers’ families. It is proved that the monetary income of Sverdlovsk region farmers from the work in social production in the examined period was lower the income of almost all other categories of the population. The conclusion is that monetary incomes of the population in the studied period as a whole were low.

The article is devoted to the subject insufficiently developed in the national historiography. The study is conducted on materials of several archives: archive of Alexander N. Yakovlev, State archive of Sverdlovsk region, current archive of Territorial body of Federal state statistics service for Sverdlovsk region and the Centre of documentation of public organizations of Sverdlovsk region with the assistance of the scientific and publicistic literature. The relevance of the topic is determined by its importance for the social sciences, especially for history and sociology. Scientific novelty of the work is seen in the fact that the new materials discovered by the author in these archives are introduced into scientific usage. The article aims to study the level and dynamics of the monetary income of relatively little investigated category of the population - health professionals. It is noted that the figures of monetary incomes of actually lived citizens are hidden in the archival collections and working with them requires from the researchers a certain stock of patience, dedication, and most importantly - time. It is argued that the statistical authorities of the Soviet Union conducted systematic surveys of the population periodically changed both a set of indicators of the material situation of the population and the surveyed categories of population themselves. It is stated that in relation to such categories of people as teachers in primary and secondary schools, doctors and the average medical personnel the statistical agencies are confined to obviously non-representative samples. It is stated that the category of health workers in the budget surveys of the population was represented by three sub-categories: doctors, average and younger medical personnel. The latter subcategory was never surveyed by the statistics. It is declared that doctors had the highest wages in the studied period. The salary of the average medical personnel was lower than not only the salaries of doctors, technical workers (engineers) and skilled workers, but also even unskilled representatives of the proletariat. The conclusion is that the level of monetary income of health workers was insufficient for a full prosperous life.

The issue of land ownership in the aboriginal population of Western Siberia in the 17^th century is examined. Special attention is paid to the formation of large estates of serving Tatars Kulmametevy and, to a lesser extent, Seydyashevy, who were the second “branch” of the same family. Variants for land acquisition are described: by purchase, awards, compensation, seizures, etc. The results of archival research and material processing are presented. The proposed material is a publication of sources with the required review and preliminary conclusions. Complex of archival materials is introduced in the scientific usage, that shows the process and extent of land acquisition by murzas Kulmametevy and Seydyashevy. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that: (1) most of the materials are published for the first time; (2) the example of a particular family of serving Tatars shows the complex processes of the formation of the land policy of the Russian state in the newly acquired territories of Siberia in the 17^th century; (3) majority of cited documents are extracts from census books of Lev Poskochin relating to “Tatar” population of the Siberian districts. It is noted that these books today are not founded.

The historical dynamics of the population and changes in settlement of one of the local groups of Yakutia Evens - lamunkhintsy - is considered. The author emphasizes that the territory of residence of this group of the Evens is one of the few areas of settlement of Yakutia Evens, where the traditional culture and native language is still preserved. It is reported that currently the boundary of the settlement of this ethnic group is limited by the administrative border of the municipality “Lamynkhinsky national nasleg” of Kobyaysky District of Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The novelty of the study is in determining the number of the Even population in the target group on the basis of previously unclaimed primary sources, census of the population of Yakutia and documents of the regional archives. Features of settlement of this group of the Evens are characterized according to the census of the population in 1926-1927 and 1939 due to the lack of information on the number of lamynkhinsky Evens for this period in Russian historiography. The causes of fluctuations in population and changes of the territory occupied by the local group of the Evens in the 20^th - early 21^st century are identified. The article presents the results of the project No. 17-11-14003 supported by the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Fund.

The question is raised on interethnic relations in the late 19th - early 20th century in Russia, especially in the ethnic environment of the North Caucasus. It is noted that Russia differed from other countries by the fact that in the new territories it was not looking for sources of raw materials for industrial development and markets. The measures are shown to resolve the conflicts that have inevitably arisen in the areas of compact settlement of several nations. The relevance of the study is determined by the task to provide a reliable and efficient management of the country, occupying a vast territory with a diverse population. Scientific novelty consists in increasing the level of scientific and theoretical understanding of the goals, means and mechanisms of functioning of the Russian system of state management of national regions. The conception of development of the Russian state system of management of small peoples is formulated. This conception is based on well-documented hypothesis that the functioning of the means and mechanisms of influence on the situation in the outlying areas of the state gradually transformed into a policy of strengthening of positions of power in the national regions. The author believes that it is important to show the real situation in the sphere of interethnic relations in the North Caucasus in this period.

The impact of the teacher’s artistry on forming tolerance in the educational environment of the school is considered. Teacher-actor is opposed to the so-called “lessons giver” - the teacher considers himself bound only to teach students, but not to raise them. The analysis is made of modern scientific literature on the pedagogical artistry. It is found that artistic teaching makes students (and to some extent teachers themselves) more tolerant, but this happens indirectly through positive emotions, creating a comfortable learning atmosphere. The link between the style of interaction between teacher and students and pedagogical level of artistry is revealed, the methods conducive to the development of this quality are considered. The study is particularly relevant in connection with the transition to inclusive education, established by the Federal law “On education in Russian Federation.” The novelty of this work is to present the fundamentals of the author’s theoretical-practical course “Acting skills in the practice of school teacher” and the commentaries thereto, prepared by one of the authors of the article - a teacher-practitioner with two higher educations: pedagogical and acting. The authors come to the conclusion that the students of pedagogical specialties should be trained in the artistry not by the Stanislavsky system, but by the system of V. Meyerhold and B. Brecht.

The implementation of interdisciplinary content of education at school in the aspect of project approach is discussed. It is noted that this approach is one of effective methodological approaches in pedagogy to ensure students’ achieving the interdisciplinary result of the educational program in accordance with Federal state educational standards of general education (FSES GE). The necessity of using the project approach is stated, together with a systemically-active, which is the methodological basis of FSES GE. The urgency is determined by, on the one hand, the necessity to solve the tasks of the state educational policy reflected in FSES GE and the Professional standard of the teacher of general education. On the other hand, in educational practice there are problems of implementing interdisciplinary content of education at school (both didactic and methodological) in developing interdisciplinary skills of high school students. The authors recommend to use the project approach in two aspects: the pedagogical projecting the educational process of students in a series of subjects of social and humanitarian education and in providing project content of students’ activities. Moreover, educational projecting is considered at the level of project competence of a teacher, while activity of students - in the categories of the educational project. This is the novelty of the approach to the task of implementation of the interdisciplinary content of education at school.