The semantic and morphological features of the evidential verbs of speech sagen (speak) and behaupten (assert), introducing statements with direct, indirect and fragmentary quotes in the German-language media discourse are discussed in the article. The study is based on the material of the Mannheim Corps of the German Language “COSMAS II”. The empirical material is the newspapers “Die Welt”, “Süddeutsche Zeitung”, and “Tageszeitung”. Attention is paid to one of the components of the category of evidentiality - reported evidentiality, which includes the meanings of ‘quotative’ and ‘hearsay’. A classification of the most significant sources of information is proposed. The results of a comparative analysis of the verbs sagen and behaupten are presented. It is concluded that the verb sagen is the most frequent and neutral verb introducing someone else's speech. The authors note that when transmitting indirect and fragmented citation, sagen usually means ‘individual personal quotative’ based on official and reliable sources. It is proved that the verb behaupten is a marked means of direct, indirect and fragmented quotes. It is emphasized that the verb behaupten is possible as an introductory verb when transmitting the meanings ‘generalized quotation’ and ‘rumors’.

The relevance of the article is due to the importance of studying spatial semantics in the new scientific paradigm. The possibility of studying genre varieties of description (description-landscape, description-interior, description-portrait, description of the subject) using frame analysis is indicated in the article. Considerable attention is paid to the classification of spatial verb description predicates. It is noted that the unflagging interest in verbal units in modern linguistics, with unsteady classification grounds, different numbers of distinguished verb classes and terminological differences in describing the object, indicates the need to compile a classification of verb predicates based on the principles of linguocognitology. The study of the semantics of verb predicates of descriptive text, the identification of integrating and differential seme, contributing to the isolation of various lexical-semantic groups of verb predicates and building the patterns implemented in the description of spatial relationships appears to be significant. The attention is focused on the need to integrate linguistic, physiological and psychological knowledge in the study of the predicative component of a descriptive text. Such integration is embodied in the idea of spatial discrimination through all sensory systems and the division of spatial predicates into units of visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, taste and undifferentiated perception. It is established that in the case of using predicates of intermodal semantics, spatial significance is realized in terms of “proximity” / “remoteness” of the source objects of the corresponding sensations.

The article is devoted to the application of the method of complex semantic-syntagmatic analysis of collocations, or combinatorially determined lexical and phraseological units, characterized by structural-semantic integrity and having functional, idio-ethnic and other limitations. The relevance of the work is due to the importance of their study as universal units inherent in all natural languages. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the advisability of using the method of complex analysis of collocations and with its help to identify the semantic, functional, syntagmatic mechanisms of their formation, as well as to discover the universal and specific characteristics of these units. The method is developed in the framework of combinatorial lexicology, studying the linear relations of words and their combinatorial potential. The novelty of the study is in the development of a detailed analysis technique, with the help of which it will be possible to detect the mechanisms of formation of various collocations. The material for study was colour collocations, which are created by the adjective type. An algorithm for performing complex analysis is presented, and the procedure for its implementation is demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to the semantic and combinatorial-syntagmatic blocks as the most important aspects of the study of the compatibility of lexemes in the framework of the combinatorial science of words.

The results of a comparative analysis of the vocabulary of a thematic group of Vepsian-speaking naming concepts of “boy” and “girl” are presented in the article. The authors believe that it is the historical realities of life and the special position of males in the Russian state, primarily associated with the allotment of land, reflected in the formation of vocabulary of the Veps language of this group. The question is raised about the Vepsian special desire to present and embody in language images certain complete, terminological, correspondences to Russian naming, which initiated the appearance of borrowings from the Russian language and Russian dialects. Attention is drawn to the studies of etymologists regarding the lexeme denoting a boy, a young man, which is considered to be Russian borrowing in the Veps and Karelian languages: Veps. priha Kar. Briha

The authors determine their values on the basis of the analysis of a wide range of lexicographic sources and the most frequency contexts for the use of the units in question, extracted from texts functioning in real and virtual communication. In addition, the authors turn to sociolinguistic research methods. It is shown that individual units and new meanings are poorly represented in lexicography. Cases of transformation of the connotative halo of the words under consideration are noted. It is shown that the analyzed units are characterized by diffuse semantics, wide compatibility and expressiveness, which determines their high pragmatic potential and, as a result, the high frequency of use in media texts. The authors devote considerable attention to the question of the possible reasons for the development of new semantics among the derivatives of the word bomb , considering them as a result of the influence of Anglo-American linguistic culture. Questions on the perception of new tokens by native speakers and the advisability of using these language units in different communicative situations are also raised. The analysis allows us to identify some trends in the transformation of the Russian linguistic picture of the world in the context of global processes that affect the development of Russian linguistic culture.

The article is devoted to the study of the term as a system unit in its interconnections with contiguous linguistic facts on the example of semantic relations existing in the term star in the field of scientific knowledge “astrophysics”. The study is based on an analysis of the systemic correlation of units in the field of astrophysics. The authors focus on terms representing various categories of concepts in accordance with the nature of the referents they represent. The most and least productive semantic relations are established and analyzed with related first-order terms presented in the definition and second-order terms, the relations with which are represented in the texts of scientific publications outside of the definitions. The categorical pertaining of related terms with which the term star has a systemic relationship is also determined in the study. Using a statistical analysis of a selection of terms in the field of “astrophysics”, we found that the most productive semantic relationships for them are relationships such as generic, attribution, and “part-whole”.

The question of the formation of imperative forms in the dialects of the Karelian language is considered. Attention is paid to two dialects: Livvik and Lyudik. The results of a comparative analysis of affirmative and negative forms of the imperative in the mentioned adverbs are presented. Particular attention is paid to the indicators of the imperative, their origin, features of use in a comparative aspect. The novelty of research is that at present the literary form of the Lyudik dialect of the Karelian language is still not fully formed, and today the Lyudik dialect is poorly represented in the educational space: systematic and systematic teaching due to the influence of objective and subjective factors is not conducted. It is noted that the Livvik dialect, on the contrary, is actively taught in educational institutions of the Republic of Karelia, the grammatical structure of this dialect is quite well studied and tested in the educational process. Based on the fact that the Livvik and Lyudik dialects are most closely related to each other, the material analyzed can also be used in the preparation of textbooks, which are urgently needed by people of the Lyudik dialect.

The article is devoted to the analysis of analytical trends in the grammatical structure of the modern Russian language, manifested both at the morphological level - in the system of parts of speech, and at the syntactic level - in the system of types of sentences and its members. Attention is paid to the role in these processes of case forms and prepositional-nominal combination of the noun. It is shown in the article that when they perform a predicative function, their semantics change, leading in some cases to their convergence with the predicate - a hybrid analytical part of speech, highlighted in Russian by P. A. Lekant; factors contributing to this change are described. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of bisubstantive sentences with a locally characterizing meaning: a circle of connective verbs that are a constructive component of a connective substantive predicate is defined, intermediary and qualifying functions performed by them are considered, their syntagmatic potentials are determined, dictum, modus, and phasic connectives are described, which are one of the important elements of general language categories of rational and emotional. The problem of distinguishing between bisubstantive and incomplete (elliptic) sentences, as well as the related problem of distinguishing between the adverbial and predicative functions of spatial syntaxes, is touched upon. The role of Professor P. A. Lekant and his grammar school is particularly emphasized in the study of analyzed units.

The paper analyses a cross-cultural asymmetry in scientific papers and their titles in Russian and in English, exposes most characteristic distinctions between authentic scientific paper titles in both languages and shows explicit incongruency between authentic paper titles in English and those literally translated from Russian, which often demonstrate cross-linguistic interference between Russian and English academic style. Special attention is payed to its reasons and the ways to overcoming it, as well as to discrepancies in Russian vs. English academic style predetermined by their different grammatical organization and culture-specific cognitive and communicative dominants in the interaction between the author and the reader. The extensive corpus-based empirical data for the carried out contrastive investigation covers authentic scientific paper titles in Russian, their published translations into English, and authentic scientific paper titles from leading international linguistic journals, published in English in 2018-2020 and indexed in Scopus. The overall corpus volume is 7800 titles.

The predicates typical of scientific discourse shown, proved, established , etc., which are used to present the results of the study are discussed in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the scientific significance of addressing the problem of discursive research of epistemic indicators of reliability in the context of the principles of the language postclassical logical analysis. The purpose of the study is to justify the “modality” of these constructions and describe the epistemic modal meaning that they bring to the proposition, as specific propositional attitudes. The methodology used in the article is based on some basic principles of modal (in particular, epistemic) logic and linguistic semantics of J. Lyons and E. V. Paducheva. The novelty of the study is in the fact that the pragmatic functions of the considered predicates are described. It is shown that, in addition to a simple statement, their value contains an epistemic modal component, which is based on the value of “provability” described by modal logic. It is established that this modal meaning correlates with the category of objective language modality. Particular attention is paid to logical and linguistic grounds on which these predicates are classified as modal. The question is raised about the functioning of these predicates in contexts complicated by indicators of subjective epistemic modality with a value of problematic certainty. It is concluded that the predicates shown, proved, established, and similar ones indicate the “objective” (verifiable) nature of the information presented and the author’s conviction of the reliability of the described data, and constructions with the indicated predicates also perform a rhetorical function and enhance the “persuasiveness” of the text.

A typology of strategies, tactics and techniques used in the discourse of social advertising is proposed in the article. The relevance of modeling the tools of communicative impact in social advertising is determined by the persuasive nature of the discourse of social communications, as well as the insufficient development of this issue in the scientific literature. The author of the article relies on the studies of linguists who proposed the classification of communicative strategies used in commercial advertising, as well as in the discourse of socio-political newspapers. The material for analysis was the polycode texts of Russian and foreign social advertising (outdoor advertising, social videos, as well as social photo projects posted on Instagram). The result of the study was a model of communicative strategies and tactics that constitute the discourse of social advertising. Since the effect of persuasiveness is achieved, among other things, by using different types of semiotic codes in the advertising text, special attention is paid to the verbal and visual implementation of the selected strategies, tactics and techniques. The author comes to the conclusion that the frustration strategy based on tactics of escalating negative emotions , shocking with facts and negative forecasting is the basis for the discourse of social advertising. Moreover, the main part of the identified strategies and tactics is invariant for the media discourse as a whole.

The pragmatic nature of the Me too speech act is studied in two different areas of functioning: outside the Internet environment and in cyberspace. It is noted that in normal communication Me too is a response cue that closes an adjacency pair and does not have a persuasive potential. On the Internet, this speech act undergoes radical changes, turning into a stimulus statement that initiates the mass participation of a certain target audience in the movement against sexual harassment. It is shown that the pragmatic transformation of the phrase is due to the action of both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The transition from a responsive cue to an initial utterance is ensured by a common presupposition for all addressees, while the versatility of intentions acquired by the speech act (affirmation, recognition, accusation, appeal) together with the deictic pronoun of the first person endow it with a high degree of persuasiveness. As the psychological basis for the effective impact of the phrase, the ideas of the American psychological school about the importance of empathy and the therapeutic effect of public actions - confessions are successfully introduced into the consciousness of a globalized community. The novelty of the study is that for the first time the fact of the limited relevance of individual postulates of pragmalinguistic theories for the Internet space is established. The relevance of the work is associated with the need for a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of repragmatization of the Me too , which receives the role of a semiotic marker and a cultural symbol of a new wave of the feminist movement.

The idea of cold, reflected in the folklore picture of the world of the Yakuts is discussed in the article. The relevance of the work is due to the increased interest in the northern (Arctic) topic, in particular, to the issue of perception of cold by indigenous peoples, which has its own characteristics, ancient and late strata. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time folklore material is more widely covered, a comparison is made with the features of the perception of cold by other peoples; modern transformations are revealed. The author of the article uses texts of different folklore genres as a material for study: epics, legends, mythological stories, folk songs, tales, proverbs and sayings. The semantics of the word tymny (cold), which has figurative meanings with a negative connotation, is described. It was revealed that in the folklore picture of the world of the Yakuts, the cold is represented in the images of Winter and North, the mythological Bull of Winter, the Lower World inhabited by the abaasy monsters, the Aam-Daan cold, astral objects (constellations, planets). It is reported that folklore reflects not only the negative attitude of the Yakuts to cold, but also the ways of their adaptation to harsh climatic conditions. It is established that at present the idea of cold has undergone a transformation, in particular, it has begun to be perceived positively, which is largely due to the influence of modern mass culture, universal literacy, and improvement of living conditions.

The results of a comparative analysis of options for staible comparisons characteristic of the northern epic tradition of the Yakuts are presented. The relevance of the study is due to insufficient research of comparisons on the material of epic texts of the northern regions matching the established traditions of the olonkho of the central and Vilyuy regions of Yakutia to identify their commonality and specificity. Particular attention is paid to the structure of comparative constructions, their parallelization and the content of comparison images. A detailed analysis of the components of the five stable comparisons operating in all four texts is provided. As a result of the study, increased stability of comparisons was established in the Verkhoyansk, Mom and Oymyakon texts of the olonkho, in which only the peripheral part varies (epithets, additional terms of parallelism). The author’s notable introduction of the narrator in the Middle Kolyma text is considered, where peculiar objects and images of comparison are revealed. A comparison image was found that is characteristic only of the northern epic tradition when describing the heroic table. The definitions of individual obsolete words and their interpretation with the aim of establishing the original images of olonkho are given. A definition of the word kunnyalyk , missing in the dictionaries of the Yakut language, used as an epithet, included in the comparison construction and as a designation of an independent reference standard is proposed.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of cooperation in the field of education between Russia and Mongolia in recent history. The transformation of bilateral ties in the educational sphere under the influence of various factors is discussed in the study. Attention is paid to the prerequisites for reducing the intensity of bilateral contacts, as well as the implementation of specific projects that, to one degree or another, stimulate the growth of academic mobility. It is shown that the historical processes of the late twentieth century in Mongolia had an impact on the cooling of relations between countries. It is noted that in the 2000s, Mongolian-Chinese relations, including in the humanitarian sphere were intensified. It is affirmed that China’s “soft power” in the form of various kinds of programs for young people is systemic and influences the formation of public consciousness in relation to the “southern neighbour”. The author considers it necessary to recognize that, for objective reasons, Russia is inferior to China in the field of humanitarian projects. At the same time, the benevolent attitude towards the Russians and to Russia as a whole on the part of the population of Mongolia, especially the older generation is noted. The relevance of the study is to identify trends, factors that determine the nature of the mutual influence of Russia and Mongolia in the field of education in the latest period of historical development. The nature of the interaction of Mongolia and the regions of Russia and their role in the development of bilateral relations are analyzed.

The article contains systematic information about the process of resettlement of dispossessed peasants to the North of Western Siberia during the 1930s. It is alleged that this was the first stage of peasant exile, which began in February 1930. In total, researchers distinguish three stages (1930-1933). Based on documents and scientific publications, plans for the resettlement of dispossessed peasants to the Tobolsk North is discussed in the article. Features of preparation for the resettlement of “kulaks” and members of their families to the North by the example of agricultural districts of the Ural region are disclosed. The novelty of the study is that the author by comparative analysis reveals the number of peasants to be evicted, as well as the number of peasants who appeared in the Tobolsk north by the end of 1930. Particular attention is paid to the processes of transporting “kulaks” in two stages: in winter, and also in spring et summer (in navigation) in 1930. For the first time, data on the number of peasants delivered by river transport to the North is presented. The names of steamboats, the number of barges that transported people, places of settlement are reported. Statistics on the ratio of the number of local population and special settlers in the Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansiysk districts is provided. Digital data allow the author to conclude that the North of Western Siberia has become a region of increased concentration of special groups of population.

The article is devoted to the study of medical practice in Western Siberia of the late XIX - early XX centuries. Attention is paid to the organization of medical practice in the Tobolsk province. The quantitative and official composition of medical personnel is described. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that on the basis of a wide body of diverse material for the first time the experience of the activities and biographies of medical inspectors: N. A. Stroganov, F. K. Zembitsky, V. I. Nikitenko, M. V. Miloslavsky, G. N. Egorov is considered. Their role in the development of medical practice in the Tobolsk province of 1895-1917 is described. It is shown that these inspectors had a high level of education and extensive experience in medical work. It is pointed out that, despite all the efforts and significant success in the development of medical practice, there were objective difficulties in this field of activity, among which there was a shortage of personnel, funding, long distances between settlements, the Russian-Japanese War and World War I, etc. The authors use a representative base of both published sources and unpublished materials from the collections of the State Archives of Tobolsk.

For the first time in historiography, an attempt is made to illuminate the activities of Senator I.N. Tolstoy in conducting an audit of the regional management system of the Yakutsk region. Particular attention is paid to the audit of office work of the Yakutsk regional administration and the Yakutsk city hall. The novelty of the study is in the fact that, based on an analysis of archival sources first introduced into scientific circulation, the specifics of the functioning of the regional administration in the second quarter of the 19th century is revealed, and the results of the audit are considered as prerequisites for expanding the rights of administrative independence of the Yakutsk region from the Irkutsk province. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that this was the only senatorial revision for all years in the territory of the vast and geographically remote Yakutsk region, which has not undergone extensive scientific study. In the course of the presentation of the substantive part, a review of the main directions of the audit activity in relation to the regional and district levels of government, as well as its inspection supervision of the activities of the lower administrative authorities, including the city hall, was performed. Based on the author’s development, it was proved that the senatorial audit, reflecting the attention of the imperial authorities to the periphery, was aimed primarily at increasing the efficiency of the Siberian suburbs management system on the example of the Yakutsk region through personnel shifts and elimination of identified office work disturbances. The study was based on documents first discovered in the archives of the Russian State Historical Archive and the National Archives of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Issues related to US attempts to engage the USSR in a direct clash with Japan during the Second World War are examined. The relevance of the study is due to the fierce ongoing debate regarding a number of aspects of the history of the war years. Particular attention is paid to the study of a document sent by the Soviet intelligence agencies to I. V. Stalin in 1942. The novelty of the study is seen, first of all, in the fact that the document under study was declassified only at the present time and has not been published before. Meanwhile, the document testifies to the strategies proposed to the US government by a number of very influential and informed representatives of the American elite, aimed at drawing the Soviet Union into the war with Japan. It is shown in this document that the role of the USSR in the Pacific theater of operations is rightly defined as very significant. Of particular interest is the list of recommendations cited in the article by H. Baldwin, the author of the document studied, recommendations designed to ensure the involvement of the USSR in the war with Japan. The conclusion is formulated that the studied “Memorandum” confirms the readiness of the Allies to do a lot to achieve the desired. At the same time, it demonstrates the temporary nature of a community of interests and is by no means an allied attitude towards our country.

The socio-economic results and political consequences of Russian privatization of the 1990s are examined. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that market reforms, including the privatization policy, significantly influenced all spheres of life in post-Soviet society, forming a social model of post-communist Russia. Accordingly, the study of this issue allows us to better understand not only the nature of one of the most fundamental historical transitions of the late XX century, but also the specifics of modern Russian society. The influence of economic reforms on social changes is analyzed, demographic shifts are considered, the transformation of the social structure of post-communist society is examined. The regional dimension is revealed on the example of St. Petersburg. The transformation of the social structure is examined in more detail on the example of individual social groups: workers, the rural population, the intelligentsia, the military, the political elite, oligarchs, and criminals. The relationship between the social and political consequences of privatization is analyzed. The research information base was composed of statistical sources, memoirs, transcripts of meetings of the State Duma, legislation, the press of Russia and St. Petersburg, audiovisual sources, opinion polls, and archival materials, including funds of the State Archive.

The activity of the Ufa governor Lev Yegorovich Nord is considered. The scientific novelty of the study is that the activities of the governor are covered on the basis of an analysis of unpublished sources. The author shows that the efforts of the Ufa governor L. Ye. Nord and local authorities implemented a set of measures, most of which had a positive effect on the socio-economic development of the region. It is shown that much attention was paid to the land issue, the preservation of the natural wealth of the Southern Urals, the rights of Bashkir patriarchs to freely alienate their lands. The successful work of L. Ye. Nord in lean years of 1890-1891 is emphasized. The article describes social activities: providing an opportunity for the starving population to earn money for food, introducing quarantine in the province in connection with the cholera epidemic, in particular the isolation of patients in specially designated barracks. It is reported that with the assistance of the governor, a highway was laid, the construction of an elevator in Ufa and a grain barn in Davlekanovo was started. The author comes to the conclusion that the activity of the Ufa governor was aimed exclusively at the good of the Fatherland, brought great benefits to the region, which caused respect for his contemporaries.

The article is devoted to the history of the development of polar agriculture in the Yamal-Nenets National District during the Great Patriotic War. The questions of the dynamics of expansion of the sown areas of open and protected ground in the specified territory are considered. Based on the analysis of documents preserved in the state archives of the Russian Federation, detailed information on the development and use of sown areas is provided, in particular, the volumes of cultivated and manufactured products are indicated. Attention is paid to the development of collective and individual truck farming in the Yamal-Nenets okrug during the war years. The question is raised about the role of collective farms in the development of polar agriculture in the okrug, in particular, data on collective farms which areas were engaged in crop production are provided. The novelty of the study is seen in the attraction of new historical sources, allowing to enter into scientific circulation data that help to systematize and detail information on the development of polar agriculture in the Yamal-Nenets okrug during the Great Patriotic War. The relevance of the study is due to the scientific and social significance of the works devoted to the development of the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation in significant periods of Russian history. The authors conclude that during the war years in the district there was a leap in the development of the industry.

The issues related to determining the place of the regional Bolshevik press in the system of propaganda activities of the Bolsheviks during the Civil War in the North-West of Russia in 1919 are discussed in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the significant role of the media in the regulation of socio-political processes both in modern Russia and in its historical past. The novelty of the study is in the consideration of the Bolshevik periodicals as a purposefully used by the "red" tool in achieving victory in the military-political confrontation with the White Guards. A comparative analysis of the materials of Bolshevik publications published in 1919 in the North-West of Russia was carried out. It is concluded that the press occupied an important place in the Bolshevik propaganda system in the northwestern region. It was established that its keynote was the formation of a negative image of the enemy in contrast with the Bolsheviks and the Red Army. It is proved that in the local Bolshevik press the image of "Soviet power" as the only fair and the Red Army as a powerful and invincible force was consistently created. It is shown that the positions and slogans put forward in the Bolshevik press were called upon to provide massive support for the revolutionary forces in the region and the mobilization of forces to repulse the enemy.

The dynamics of the memory policy aimed at forming in the historical memory of the readership of the Siberian Lights Magazine of the 1920s-1940s ideas about the historical past and traditional culture of Altai people is traced in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the growing attention to the features of historical knowledge in the public space, its structuring, the means of conceptual interpretation and the use in the processes of political self-regulation of society at various stages of development. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the history of the state policy of memory in relation to the past of Gorny Altai in its substantive and procedural aspects has not yet become the subject of independent scientific research. The contexts and conditions of creating journal representations of the historical past of Gorny Altai are revealed. The list of the authors covering this topic is characterized, as well as the factors that influenced the creation of journal representations of the history of the Altai people. The stages of this representation are established and characterized. It is shown how the memory policy techniques used by the authors of this journal at different stages changed. It is proved that at the stage of the 1920s, the Siberian Lights served as a platform for polemics of historians and subjects of regional politics, relatively independent in relation to the central government. At the second stage of the 1930s - 1940s, the authors of the journal were included, first of all, in the process of implementing the policy of memory of the central authorities.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main directions and specifics of the activities of state bodies and public organizations of the Middle Volga region in the fight against children homelessness in 1941-1945. At the present stage of Russia’s development, the government and society are paying considerable attention to eliminating crime and preventing deviant behavior among minors, which in turn strengthens the urgency of the problem. The authors introduce into the scientific circulation previously unavailable documents of the State Archive of the Ulyanovsk Region, the State Archive of Recent History of the Ulyanovsk Region, the Samara Regional State Archive of Socio-Political History. The reasons for the development of homelessness, its scope are analyzed in detail in the article, and also the key areas of activity of the internal affairs bodies are considered. It is proved that in the initial period of the Great Patriotic War in the territory of the Middle Volga region a number of factors were recorded that contributed to the criminalization of minors: significant population migration, unstable work of railway and water transport, the termination of educational institutions, an increase in the number of street and street children. It is shown that the answer to the challenge was the development of a method for combating juvenile crime, based on the close interaction of law enforcement, educational bodies and public organizations. It is alleged that the use of new methods has partially reduced the impact of negative trends and, consequently, improved the criminal situation among minors.

The study is devoted to the analysis of the missionary activity of the Russian Orthodox Church in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries in the context of the history of church-state relations of the period. An attempt is made to classify the key problems of missionary activity based on an analysis of its leading areas using a regional approach. Based on archival documents (primarily the reports of Vyatka bishops and governors), the main problems of the missionary activity of the Russian Orthodox Church in the vast Vyatka province, which is one of the largest in empire in terms of population are analyzed in the paper. The authors proceed from the position that the organization of missionary activity was an important element in ensuring the unity of the state in the period under review, and in this regard consolidated the interests of secular and spiritual authorities both at the central and regional levels. The range and content of the problems of missionary activity, according to the authors, were largely determined by the specifics of the national and confessional composition of the population of the region, the nature of its settlement, as well as unique models of church-state relations that developed at the local level.

The article analyzes the information about the punitive practice of the North-West Army in autumn of 1919 on the outskirts of Petrograd. Comments are made on the events that took place in the largest Petrograd suburbs - Gatchina, Pavlovsk, Detsky Selo and other closely located settlements after their transfer to the control of the White Army. It is noted that it was there that mass cases of capital punishment were recorded. The dynamics of the White repressions during the offensive on Petrograd is traced. It is reported that cases of release at the request of the local population were recorded. The novelty of the study is seen in attracting new sources to write the article. The article is based on the materials of a special commission to identify cases of white terror, recollections of residents of cities and military units, orders of the white command. Quantitative data on cases of white terror revealed at that time are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the facts of violence against the Jewish population. Statistics on the use of the death penalty are provided. The conclusion is made that the punitive practice of this period was carried out by the military courts, and to an even greater extent - through unprotected executions by the officers.

A pioneering attempt in historiography presents a scientific analysis of socio-humanitarian research carried out by employees of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the Arctic regions of Yakutia during 1980-1991. Archival materials identified by the author, as well as data from the scientific literature were used for the preparation of the article. The work carried out allowed us to present a characteristic of the development by scientists of a complex of sociocultural, economic, archaeological, historical and anthropological, linguistic and folklore issues. In this regard, the geography of the research is shown, their key actors and main directions are identified. At the same time, an analysis of the most important provisions developed by the participants of the considered research initiatives was carried out. It was established that in the mentioned period, on the one hand, the research was continued, which had been successfully carried out earlier in the Polar Yakutia, and on the other hand, new research trends were making their way. Their stipulation is proved by the development of scientific knowledge and the changing socio-political situation in the Soviet Union. It is concluded that, as a result, interdisciplinary research has been developed, including the widespread use of the natural science arsenal, as well as a clear shift in the paradigm regarding the assessment of Soviet transformations for the destiny of the indigenous peoples of the North.