The features of term studies formation in the works of researchers of the Sakha language in the 1920-1940-ies are considered. It is reported that at this time, a lot of work was done to develop the theoretical foundations and principles of creating the terms of the Sakha language, as well as a large number of terms in various fields of knowledge, especially in the socio-political sphere. It is emphasized that terminology complexes have been developed in all subjects in the volume of high school. It is shown that these goals were achieved relatively quickly because of the Yakut intelligentsia leaders of terms construction, who recognized the great importance of this work, enthusiastically took up the work and led others. Among leaders there were now well-known figures of language and - wider - cultural construction: A. E. Kulakovskiy, S. A. Novgorodov, A. A. Ivanov (Күндэ), G. V. Baishev (known by literary pseudonym Altan Saryn) and P. A. Oyunskiy. The article notes that each of these scientists went his own way, had his own priorities. Based on the results of the review, it is proved that the activity on the Yakut terminology system development was initially focused on two main ways of terminology fund formation: the use of internal language resources and borrowing of terms from other languages, in particular Russian. The article attempts to analyse dictionaries compiled by figures of linguistic construction of 1920-1940 from the point of view of the theory of modern thermography in order to optimize typical and composite parameters of terminological dictionaries.

The article is devoted to the issues of cognitive modelling of the semantics of English nouns denoting a criminal. The article deals with the question of the variable representation of cognitive information due to adaptive potential of knowledge representation structures depending on the language level and the essence of the phenomenon under study. The results of the analysis of lexical units and their actualization in the literary text are presented. Particular attention is paid to the structures of knowledge representation like frame, prototype, cogniotype and stereotype. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the work implements a cognitive approach to the study of the semantics of units and the content and structural aspects of the text. Within the framework of this approach, cognitive structures of different levels are involved. The conclusion is made about the complementarity of these structures and about the possibility of their simultaneous functioning. In addition, the paper attempts to formulate rules and principles of cognitive text research. The relevance of the research is caused by the attempt to identify the laws of categorization and conceptualization of reality reflected in the language. The results of cognitive research, usually presented in the form of models or schemes, facilitate subsequent comparison of ways of categorization in other languages, as well as the identification of common universal laws of human cognition and the principles of its reflection in semantics.

The article is devoted to the description of speech forms of expression of legal norms in the penitentiary law of the first quarter of the 19^th century. The source of research is the Charter on exiles of 1822 - the normative act that served as the certain sample for criminally-executive law of Russia in the pre-revolutionary period. The relevance of the work is seen in the fact that it will allow to present the laws of the construction of legal norms in modern law-making practice more fully. The novelty of research lies in the implementation of the historical approach when considering declarations as speech acts, which implement the defining text-forming category of legislative genres-directives most specifically. The author notes that such regulatory speech forms are productive for the language of law. On the material of legal discourse of the beginning of the 19^th century the article highlights the types of regulatory declarations (declarations expressed explicitly, and declarations in the form of descriptive statement; the latter include the definitive descriptions and descriptions of situations). The author defines their semantic-syntactic structure, presents classifying features of speech act, among which the conventionality and institutionality; identity of the expressed propositional content of legal reality; performativity and non-descriptiveness; ability to realize a directive perlocutive effect are considered relevant.

The basic tendencies found out in modern English punctuation are considered. It is shown that the factors influencing its development include the following: basic principle and purpose of punctuation, colloquial speech, electronic communications, new and unregulated punctuation marks. The leading role of the intonation-rhetorical principle led to the emergence of a tendency of weakened punctuation, the influence of colloquial speech and electronic communications led to a change in the functions of some marks, for example, dot (point “sharpness”), question mark (uptalk), ellipsis (interpreted as “weed” mark), semicolons, dashes, hyphens, underscoring ruler, uppercase letters. The fact that punctuation is a developing system is evidenced by appearance of new marks: interrobang, marks of irony and sarcasm (tilde mark, inverted exclamation mark, snark, ironieteken, SarcMark™ etc.), emoticons etc. Unregulated punctuation marks, often found in fiction, are linked with the manifestation of the author’s personality. The paper also presents some results of comparative analysis of modern trends of Russian and English punctuation systems. It turned out that many of them are observed in both systems, for example, increase in the use of alternative marks, influence of colloquial speech, lower frequency of the use of semicolons, increasing role of dashes up to the universalization of this mark.

The article is devoted to semantic analysis zoonymic vocabulary of the Russian language. The paper presents definitions of terms zoonym and zoolexis . The characteristic of Russian nouns derived from zoonyms is given from the point of view of grammatical semantics. In accordance with the nature of grammatical semantics of nouns derived from zoonyms their semantic classes are distinguished. The focus is on the description of the whole semantic groups of nouns derived from zoonyms with a particular meaning. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that nouns derived from zoonyms with the meaning of a particular item represent a considerable variety among all nouns derived from zoonyms (383 of 489 recorded in derivational dictionary) and are an important part of zoonymic vocabulary in nominative and communicative aspect. On the basis of definition and contextual analysis of lexical units the authors divided them into groups. It is shown that the semantic grouping of nouns derived from zoonyms with the specific meaning depend on belonging to a lexico-grammatical category of animate or inanimate nouns, as lexical representatives of each category form different semantic groups that have certain characteristics. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that for the first time the Russian nouns derived from zoonyms and naming animals fully analysed from the point of view of semantics.

The story by Yu. Buyda “The Damn and The Chemist” is analysed. Multiple links of this work with the precedent texts are revealed. Intertextual parallels marked in the text by language markers are commented. It is revealed that intertextuality in the texts by Yu. Buyda affects different levels: external (explicit) and underlying (implicit). Because of this, this technique is characterized by explicitness and implicitness. In the writer’s artistic world the studied technique has a hidden projective force - it appears at the level of the whole text, organizing a complex system and participating in the generation of the plot. It is shown that the analysis of examples of intertextuality requires knowledge of linguistic and extralinguistic nature. It is proved that in Yu. Buyda’s stories intertextual links serve as a means of creation of comic effect. The author argues that the sphere of the comic in the writer’s works is close to the field of lowest people’s bodily comic. Such proximity is explained by the desire of Yu. Buyda to make an artistic image closer to archaic past, when laughter, being associated with life and death, and through them with the topographic bottom of the Earth and human productive bottom, was considered as having the regenerating ability.

The structural and semantic elements of the legislative situation, fixed in the legal acts of the beginning of the 18^th century, are considered in comparison with the corresponding structural components of the ancient and Old Russian legislative texts. It is determined that the historical changes in the structure of the legislative situation consist in its significant complication, which manifests itself in the explication of a larger number of elements of the situation, and therefore increases the number of grammatical representations of these elements. The elements of the organization of the law as a text in the period under review are determined: circumstances that caused the need for legislative action; something that should be performed; violation of the prescribed; punishment for violation. Particular attention is paid to the definition of the general structural features of the ancient monuments of law and documents of the early 18^th century. It is shown that among such features there is the description of situations, including the element “something that should be performed,” which is the semantic center of the text of the law and is represented by infinitive constructions. In addition, in these texts situation are marked, built on the model of violation of the law → punishment : both in the Old Russian texts and in the laws of Peter the Great’s time they expressed by constructions with conditional clauses. At the same time, in 18^th century documents elements of violation of the law → punishment often took a peripheral position in the structure of legislative act. The relevance of the research is seen in the identification of the structural model of the law as a text not on the basis of formal-compositional division, typical to the analysis of documents texts, but on the basis of the determining semantic components and their lexical-grammatical representation, characteristic for certain periods.

The paper is devoted to the peculiarities of the implementation of self-presentation strategy in the American campaign discourse. The material included the election speeches of Bernie Sanders and Hillary Clinton, which politicians made during the election campaign from April 2015 to July 2016. The article focuses on the corpus analysis of election speeches. The results of comparative analysis of lexical features of candidates’ pre-election speeches are presented. In addition, the paper proposes a classification of communicative tactics, with the help of which the strategy of self-presentation is implemented (the tactics of self-praise, appeals to former merits, reducing the distance from voters and the tactics of political promises). The analysis allows the authors to make a conclusion about the more aggressive self-presentation of H. Clinton and the important role of personal self-presentation in her speeches. It is shown that B. Sanders focuses on identifying himself with his voters. The analysis of the collocations with components I and we confirms these conclusions. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that for the analysis of the material from the point of view of pragmatics, the authors use both methods of pragmalinguistic analysis and corpus methods, which makes it possible to present a comprehensive description of the material under study.

Part-of-speech and functional features of the impersonal forms of the verb in modern English that are of particular difficulty for analysis and translation are considered. Linguistic nature of certain forms of the verb and specifics of their functioning is discussed. The relevance of the study is determined by the frequency of using non-personal ing-forms in English scientific and technical texts, and by the need for their in-depth analysis. The novelty of the research is seen in firstly conducted comprehensive study of these forms in the texts of aviation topics, in the analysis of the criteria for their differentiation to achieve accurate translation. The author focuses on the consideration of lexical and grammatical factors that determine the use of a particular language unit, which affects the features of its translation to the target language. The article presents the results of comparative analysis of ing-forms, the frequency of their use in various functions is revealed. Similarities and differences of these forms are shown. Particular attention is paid to the difficulties encountered in translating these forms from English into Russian. The author concludes that the composition and frequency of ing-forms to a large extent depend on stylistic characteristics of the text, as well as on speech formalization.

The question of the episode as a significant structural and compositional element of cinematic text, which is characterized by a detailed representation of the point of view of a hero, is investigated. An attempt is made to reveal the specifics of the episode structure in the works of the English-speaking writer of the 20^th century Graham Greene, whose literary work was closely linked with the cinema. Central episode of Greene’s novel “The Quiet American” (1955) is analyzed as a material. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the phenomenon of the cinematography in art prose from the point of view of linguistic style is yet of relatively small degree of scrutiny. In this regard, special attention is paid to the author’s choice of language means in order to achieve the effect of cinematography. It is also noted that for Greene, reflections of the main characters are of great importance, and visual, sonic and other details related to the activities of the human senses serve as an impetus for reflection. The article presents the experience of long-term work of the authors in the field of stylistics of fiction, in particular, deeper study of Gr. Greene’s style was conducted.

The problem of typology of intertextual inclusions and their role in a text structure is considered. To denote semantically rich inclusions linking the text with the precedent text and requiring the reader to make efforts to recognize these links, the term intext , which was proposed by P. Kh. Torop, is used. The views of linguists on understanding of the category “text” and relationship between the precedent text and the recipient text are presented. Definitions of intertextuality and intext are given. Classification of intext functions is proposed. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of study of the functioning of intexts in the framework of magazine and newspaper articles. The novelty of the work lies in the analysis of functions of intexts on the material of modern press. The analysis reveals the most common intextic functions in such articles: text-generating / constructive, commenting, ironic, expressive, poetic, referential and appellate. Attributed and non-attributed intexts are distinguished and the importance of presence or absence of there marking is discusses. Differences in volume of used intexts, which can consist of one word or represent a broad intertextual inclusion, are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the use of allusions and quotations, performing the function of increment of meaning in intertexts.

Compositional technique, which is regularly found in the oral stories (narratives) of natives and residents of areas of the Angara river, - insert replicas, which are essentially collapsed themes (micro-themes) are considered for the first time. It is noted that insert have a complete composition. It is argued that the appearance of such speech structures is determined by the high importance of designated content for the narrator. The author defines the structure of the narrative as a relatively arbitrary: inset replicas appear in the place of the narrative, which seems appropriate to the speaker. The presence of such micro-thematic inserts allowed the author to assume that the informant, telling about one event or period of his / her life, at the same time implies a general picture of the narrative, that is, correlates the content of the replica with a holistic view of himself in the opposition “part - whole”. For example, as it was shown by the analysis of the collected material, the appearance of insert remarks about the death of relatives (a kind of folded “texts of death”) is dictated not by the logic and the topic of conversation, but by the metha-communicative task of the speaker. The narrator seems to perform mandatory labeling of the main stages of the human life cycle: birth - living - death. The author calls the content of such replicas micro-genealogy, as they are a brief mention of all the family members.

Fan fiction as a modern literary phenomenon with deep historical roots is considered on the example of the recently published work “Eugene Onegin. 2.0 Version. Experiment in verse” by Alina Sakhnenko (2014). The basic principles of the construction of works in the genre of fan fiction, as well as the relationship between the latter and literary parody are described. By the example of Alina Sakhnenko’s work the newest tendencies of development of this direction in the Russian poetry are illustrated. The analysis is made of characteristic stylistic techniques used by the author, in particular, reminiscences of the original work by A. S. Pushkin, along with a comparison of the relevant storylines. According to the results of the analysis, it is concluded that the studied fan fiction, remaining a parody in form, not devoid of significant stylistic shortcomings in terms of rhythm and rhyme, is a valuable material describing the domestic realities of the 2010-ies. The author of the article claims that this fan fiction text contains the cultural code of a whole generation of people born and raised in Russia in the 1990-ies.

The features of the image of the formation of Alexander Pushkin’s creative personality in Yu. Tynyanov’s novel “Pushkin” are investigated. The question of realization Yu. Tynyanov’s creative concept in this work is raised. Tynyanov sought to escape from the prevailing of the absolutization of the individual and the work of the poet in literary studies of the time and create his own interpretation based on comparative historical and formal approaches. The author of the article points out that the writer depicts the poet as an unusual child deprived of love and understanding of relatives and, as a consequence, lonely. Attention of Yu. Tynianov to the origins of the creative personality is emphasized. It is shown that the writer refers to the description of how the boy masters the art of watching and reflecting, how he awakens the love of literature and folk art, develops a tendency to poetry. It is noted that Yu. Tynyanov’s interpretation of Pushkin’s childhood is sometimes distressing, but in the description of the youth perspective of the narrative changes: in Lyceum, overcoming the drama of his awareness of the differences from others, the young poet begins to understand the value and purpose of creative personality. The conclusion about the links between the principles of image formation of the poet’s personality and Yu. Tynyanov’s concept of historicity is made.

The question of the Golden Horde towns on the territory of the modern Republic of Bashkortostan is considered. Special attention is paid to those archaeological objects which, according to various researchers, preserve the remains of the Golden Horde towns: Kara-Abyz hillfort in Bladoveshchensk district, Tornaly (Turnaly) hillfort in Salavat district and Ufa II hillfort on the territory of modern Ufa. It is noted that there are no objects of the Golden Horde culture in Kara-Abyz hillfort; only one Golden Horde pottery vessel was found in the Tornaly hillfort; in Ufa II hillfort silver coins of the Golden Horde khans and wire silver earrings, characteristic of the Golden Horde burials, were found, but they make up a scanty part of the numerous and diverse ware material relating mainly to the era of the early middle ages (no later than the 9^th century). It is reported that in the 8^th-14^th centuries on the site of the hillfort there was a small settlement. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that all considered settlements can not be considered Golden Horde towns. Their further search is unlikely to lead to positive results. It is proved that the territory of Bashkiria was poorly affected by the Golden Horde urban culture, but at the same time it experienced a strong influence of the Golden Horde nomadic culture.

The article is devoted to the areas of diplomacy of the European Union, which are closely related to the human factor and the principles of human rights, tolerance and culture of peace. Particular attention is paid to theoretical and methodological problems of a new model of diplomacy, to the analysis of the concept of “humanitarian diplomacy” combined with the concept of “soft power.” The question is raised that modern humanitarian diplomacy is not limited to the provision of humanitarian assistance, but includes the protection of rights and freedoms, assistance to vulnerable persons, educational and cultural cooperation, social programs, and peacekeeping. The main directions, principles and tools of the EU humanitarian diplomacy are considered. It is shown that humanitarian aid and civil protection in different regions of the world is a priority direction. Other areas of humanitarian diplomacy, including the protection of human rights, cultural relations and intercivilizational dialogue, “vaccine diplomacy,” are also under consideration. It is noted that activities of the EU in all areas of its foreign policy without exception is based on the promotion of human rights. The authors conclude that in the 21^st century the EU humanitarian diplomacy is an effective tool of global dialogue, necessary for sustainable development and peaceful resolution of conflicts.

The article deals with the categories of "stereotype" and "identity" that make up the core of the national culture. The authors proceed from the assumption that the stereotypes that have arisen in the course of historical development create a cliche for the perception of both one's own and another's ethnos, its features and culture. The other side of stereotypes is also noted: at the same time they contribute to the formation of one's own identity. The article shows the features of the formation of cultural stereotypes, their influence on the formation of various aspects of one's own identity in the process of ethnic diversification through the system "own / foreign"). It is justified that the presence of stereotypes can both hamper, and under certain conditions, contribute to the perception of culture as external to this ethnos. The possibility of the existence of multiple identities, formed on different base grounds (territorial, ethnic, confessional, etc.) is proved. It was revealed that during the study of a foreign language it is advisable both to use and to break stereotypes. In the course of the study, it is justified that stereotypes in many respects impede the formation of new identities, especially in the case when the new identity is supranational in nature (as it is assumed in the course of the formation, in particular, of a new "European identity.

The activity of district committees of public security, which began to appear after the formation of the Yakut Committee of public security on March 4, 1917, is considered. It is noted that numerous rural and volost committees were subject to the district committees. It is shown that in Yakutia of that period there were 5 districts (Yakutskiy, Vilyuyskiy, Olekminskiy, Verkhoyanskiy and Srednekolymskiy), which appeared after the release of “Regulations on the administration of the Siberian provinces” in 1822. It is reported that the main activities of the public security committees included the provision of food and the maintenance of order in the regions. It is shown that while in the majority of regions in the initial period of the revolution the representatives of the cadet party had the most power, in the Yakutsk region, the Bolsheviks and SRS had the power to control the whole region. A review of the archive materials is made. It is indicated that the greatest amount of material preserved on the activities of the Vilyuyskiy and Olekminskiy districts. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the modern period the history of local committees of public security is insufficiently studied, in turn, in the Soviet period, the activities of the committees have always been studied in the context of the problems of the formation of Soviet power. It is concluded that the activities of the committees had a positive impact on the economic condition of the region.

The Bolshevik policy toward Germany, the relationship between the Communist Party of Soviet Russia and the German Social Democracy, which came to power as a result of the First World War is analyzed in the article. The issue of the geopolitical interests and ideological orientations of the Bolshevik leadership and the German socialists is considered, and disagreements between various currents in Marxism on internal and foreign policy issues are examined. The problem of the dualism of the policy of the CPSU (b) in the first years of power, the contradiction between the theoretical attitudes to the "world revolution" and the practical need of the Soviet state for carrying out a "policy of peaceful coexistence" is raised, and the strategy and tactics of the Bolsheviks are analyzed at a time when their government turned out the emerging Versailles system of international relations. The activity of the Communist International on the expansion of political influence in the world and the search for allies for Soviet Russia are traced. The topicality of the problem under investigation is conditioned by the need to develop long-standing historical ties between the Russian and German states, to study the mechanisms for establishing good-neighborly relations and the desirability of improving them at the present stage. The author concludes that, despite theoretical differences, the national interests of Germany and Russia forced both Marxist parties to converge, which ultimately contributed to the conclusion of the Rapallo Treaty and the transition to political and economic cooperation between the two countries.

The foreign policy of Thailand and its role in regional integration processes in Southeast Asia are considered. Materials are the texts of the official websites of the government of Thailand, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Thailand, Association of South-East Asia, its research centres, Embassy of Thailand in South-East Asia in foreign policy of Thailand relative to other countries (e.g., Singapore, Australia, Japan, Russia, etc.). It is shown that Thailand focuses foreign policy primarily on neighbouring countries, such as Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia and Malaysia. It is noted that since 2001, each Thailand government has pursued a foreign policy aimed at developing relations and cooperation with neighbouring countries. It is indicated that Thailand implements its national interests through integration processes. It is emphasized that it is trying to take a leadership position in the South-East Asia region through the creation of new agreements and regional projects that are implemented in a “soft” form, especially in its subregion. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the role of Thailand in Southeast Asia and the peculiarities of soft regionalism in the region.

The article is devoted to the study of the features of policy of king Charles VI of France in the last years of his reign. Based on a comparative analysis of a wide range of sources, the author reconstructs the events of the spring of 1417, which resulted in the arrest by order of the king of the Grand master of the Palace of Queen Isabella Chevalier Louis de Bourdon. It is reported that after a short investigation conducted by the provost of Paris, he was secretly executed; soon Isabella was removed from power and sent to Blois. The author of the article made an attempt to find out the reasons that caused such changes in the policy of king Charles VI. To answer the question, it was necessary to trace the fate of the participants in the events in Vincennes, in particular Chevalier Pierre de Giac. It was established that he died under similar circumstances and that he was charged with practicing dark magic. As a result of the study it was concluded that a possible reason for the removal of the Queen from Paris could be a suspicion of practicing black magic. A question is raised about the relationship between domestic and foreign policy of France during this period, since the expulsion of the Queen led her to an Alliance with the Duke of Burgundy.

The article is devoted to the use of diaries and memoirs as historical sources in the study of the war for the Polish Succession of 1733-1735. Relevance of present research is explained by low degree of studying of the given military conflict in the domestic historiography and weak development of its source base. The novelty of the work lies in the attempt to examine the diaries and memoirs of Russian participants and contemporaries of the war as informational sources about this conflict, and to assess their information potential. The authors analyze the researchers’ attitude to the memoirs, as well as the ratio of memoirs and sources of official origin in the works about the war. The authors focus on the source analysis of diaries and memories about this military conflict. In the article the problems are covered of socio-cultural conditions of the emergence of the diaries and memoirs; circumstances of their creation; sources of sources; their relationship to each other; author’s intention of writing these essays; history of publication of the diaries and memories. It is concluded that the records of the participants and contemporaries of the war for the Polish Succession as a whole contain valuable information about this military conflict, but are not devoid of properties, because of which researchers rarely turn to diaries and memoirs and prefer other sources.

The results of the comparative analysis of the peculiarities of thinking of urban and rural schoolchildren of primary and senior levels of education are presented. In order to identify differences in the levels of formation of individual characteristics of thinking linked, inter alia, with the characteristics of social, physical and physiological development of students in urban and rural schools, a number of works were studied on the comparison of functional indicators of hemodynamics, psycho-emotional stability, verbal and logical thinking and characteristics of educational and cognitive activity among urban and rural schoolchildren. The results of the interpretation of the data obtained during the experiment conducted by the authors (54 respondents, 27 rural and urban high school students) are presented. It is concluded that rural pupils are characterized by higher level of development of abilities and qualities of the personality, providing them successful performance of the main types of mathematical activity: low level of psychoemotional tension, qualitative analysis of visual and visually-spatial information, logical conclusions, generalization of information, interest in the correct solution of a problem, etc. In the future, it is expected to find out possible reasons for “lagging” of urban schoolchildren from rural ones in terms of individual indicators of formation of mathematical thinking operations.

The article is devoted to the problem of the functionality of the modern school educational environment, its readiness to solve its main social problems in the conditions of multiple and rapid transformations of material and social conditions of society. The necessity of reforming the education system, searching for new approaches in preparing children for productive functioning in unstable socio-cultural systems is emphasized. It is noted that the current new educational standard meets the ideology of modernization and sets targets for the preservation of the functionality of the education system, its ability to meet the requirements of a transitive society striving for development. It is shown that the practical reconstruction of national education is dominated by the traditionalist tendencies that are contrary to the idea of modernity, which testifies to transitive character of the educational environment of the school. The results of empirical study of psychological and pedagogical problems of modern school from the perspective of all participants of the educational process are presented. There are significant differences in the attitude of the family and the school to the reformation of school education, due to the leading social needs of different groups of the population. The contradictions between two social institutions responsible for preparing children for future life reflect the transitive nature of the educational environment of today’s school, striving simultaneously for the modernization and restoration of traditional models of education and upbringing of children.

The question of the essence and meaning of the layer of cultural forms in the scheme of reproduction of culture and activities is considered. The structure of activity of a modern specialist is determined, which can be implemented in “basic accepted norms” form or be open to the public, that involves the modification, enhancement and self-creation of rules. Attention is paid to the role of employers in the process of translation of modern rules of professional activity in the course of their participation in the development of accreditation programs for specialists. The article raises the question of the formation of the position of the graduate, employed in the field of small business, as well as of the formation of general professional competencies related to the readiness of graduates of educational programs to take risks, responsibility, not be afraid of initiative and innovation. Particular attention is paid to the conditions of the conscious nature of the professional activity, which graduate is prepared to. In addition, the authors focus on the issues of such characteristics of professional activity as the scale, analyze the skills of a specialist involved in the modern economy. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the considered fundamental grounds can be used to identify the quality criteria of professional educational programs for the accreditation procedure.

The attitude of future teachers to research activities during their studies at the university is analyzed on the example of Ishim Pedagogical Institute named after P. P. Ershov. Features of support of students at the choice of research trajectories are considered. Students’ attitude to scientific research is characterized. Necessary conditions for effective work of students on scientific projects are revealed. The necessity of introduction of scientific tutorship since the first year of training, and also attraction of students of senior courses who achieved certain scientific results as tutors is shown. The article deals with the tutor’s activity as a consultant, mentor and organizer of the student’s independent activity in the organization of scientific research. The article describes the experience of the organization of tutoring on the example of a pedagogical university, where not only teachers work as mentors, but also so-called “academic consultants” do - senior students who have their own positive experience in conducting research. The studies were conducted with the participation of 200 respondents from the number of full-time students from 1 to 5 course. In the course of research the main directions of activization of research activity of students are found out.

The issue of training of social workers in higher education is considered. The relevance of the research is caused by changes of socio-economic and technological nature, taking place in modern society, implying the training of specialists of higher level: “multi-functional,” meeting international standards of training professionals to implement certain urgent tasks. Professionalization refers to the process of improving a person’s knowledge, skills and abilities in the context of an activity that involves the presence of a certain subject represented in the culture of a given society, and ways of working with it. The authors rely on the indicators of the level of professional training offered by Yu. P. Povarenkov: professional effectiveness, professional identity and professional maturity. The novelty of the research lies in destinguishing three levels of “co-existence essence” of professional training of social professionals: adaptive-orientational, subject-effective and innovative-creative. The authors dwell on the position, according to which the student evolves as a subject of activity only in certain educational conditions: motivating environment of the educational institution as a factor contributing to the active development of new knowledge, skills and abilities; well-organized training and education aimed at increasing the effectiveness of students and teachers; tracking the dynamics of creative development of students, their improvement in personal and professional relationships.

The author’s development is presented: a mixed course in German as a foreign language of C1 level in accordance with the common European competences in foreign languages on the Moodle platform at the University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany). The relevance of the development is determined by the need to intensify the teaching of a foreign language through the introduction of modern information and communication technologies in the learning process. Features of mixed course in comparison to traditional face-to-face course are described. The methodological approaches underlying the course and competences formed in the online phase are presented. Special attention is paid to the development of communicative competence as a global goal of the course. The structure of educational and methodical complex “Aspekte neu C1” of publishing house “Klett-Langenscheidt” from the point of view of possibility of the mixed course organization on its material is considered. The Moodle tools (forum, poll, wiki, glossary) and the possibilities of their application for the organization of individual, pair, group work in static and variable pairs and groups, discussions in the plenum are analyzed. Examples of tasks are given. Attention is paid to the tools of intermediate and final control: tests, wiki, written tasks. The methods of feedback of students with the teacher leading the online phase are described.

The article considers the issue of strengthening the role of informational culture of the individual in modern sociocultural conditions. The results of comparative analysis of the main features of the traditional “knowledge” paradigm and the new educational strategy are presented. The characteristics of “knowledge society” and the evolving information society are presented. Definitions of terms “informatization,” “informational society,” “informational culture” are given and substantiated. It is emphasized that the status of knowledge itself changes with the formation of the global information space. Considering the key stages of the new educational strategy, the author uses the categories “information component” and “information approach.” Special attention is paid to the conceptual and methodological aspects of the implementation of the new paradigm in adult education, due to the formation of new functional systems of socio-professional environment in the global informatization. The conditions of organization and development of information environment of vocational education institutions are revealed and concretized. It is concluded that at present there is every reason to talk about the formation of a new informational culture of the individual, which becomes one of the main factors of the formation of a new type of society (including the professional community).

In the review of monograph “Development of pedagogical mastery of a teacher in modern conditions” by M. G. Sergeeva a characterization of the contents of the book is given. It is reported that the author summarized the psychological and pedagogical approaches to the problem of the teacher's pedagogical skill development. It is noted that the monograph contains author's ideas about the process of the formation and development of the creative personality of the teacher, capable of principal changes in his professional activity for solving the essential problems of education in the conditions of an innovative educational environment. In the review it is indicated that the author of the book outlined the main directions of development of pedagogical skill of the teacher in the system of modern education, taking into account the self-education and creative potential of the teacher.

It is reported that the monograph “The development of teacher pedagogical skills in modern conditions” (2015), prepared by M.G. Sergeeva, addresses the problem of the psychological and pedagogical foundations for the formation and development pedagogical skills of teacher in modern conditions. The relevance of the problems of the book is determined by the social and practical significance of self-development, self-improvement and self-actualization of the teacher's creative personality in professional activities.